Merge branch 'master' into tic-tac-toe

18 files changed, 685 insertions, 139 deletions

diff --git a/bot/exts/__init__.py b/bot/exts/__init__.py
index 25deb9af..13f484ac 100644
--- a/bot/exts/__init__.py
+++ b/bot/exts/__init__.py
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 import logging
 import pkgutil
-from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Iterator
 
-__all__ = ("get_package_names", "walk_extensions")
+__all__ = ("get_package_names",)
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -13,23 +12,3 @@ def get_package_names() -> Iterator[str]:
     for package in pkgutil.iter_modules(__path__):
         if package.ispkg:
             yield package.name
-
-
-def walk_extensions() -> Iterator[str]:
-    """
-    Iterate dot-separated paths to all extensions.
-
-    The strings are formatted in a way such that the bot's `load_extension`
-    method can take them. Use this to load all available extensions.
-
-    This intentionally doesn't make use of pkgutil's `walk_packages`, as we only
-    want to build paths to extensions - not recursively all modules. For some
-    extensions, the `setup` function is in the package's __init__ file, while
-    modules nested under the package are only helpers. Constructing the paths
-    ourselves serves our purpose better.
-    """
-    base_path = Path(__path__[0])
-
-    for package in get_package_names():
-        for extension in pkgutil.iter_modules([base_path.joinpath(package)]):
-            yield f"bot.exts.{package}.{extension.name}"
diff --git a/bot/exts/easter/save_the_planet.py b/bot/exts/easter/save_the_planet.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8f644259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/exts/easter/save_the_planet.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from discord import Embed
+from discord.ext import commands
+
+from bot.utils.randomization import RandomCycle
+
+
+with Path("bot/resources/easter/save_the_planet.json").open('r', encoding='utf8') as f:
+    EMBED_DATA = RandomCycle(json.load(f))
+
+
+class SaveThePlanet(commands.Cog):
+    """A cog that teaches users how they can help our planet."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot) -> None:
+        self.bot = bot
+
+    @commands.command(aliases=('savetheearth', 'saveplanet', 'saveearth'))
+    async def savetheplanet(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
+        """Responds with a random tip on how to be eco-friendly and help our planet."""
+        return_embed = Embed.from_dict(next(EMBED_DATA))
+        await ctx.send(embed=return_embed)
+
+
+def setup(bot: commands.Bot) -> None:
+    """Save the Planet Cog load."""
+    bot.add_cog(SaveThePlanet(bot))
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/8bitify.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/8bitify.py
index 60062fc1..c048d9bf 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/8bitify.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/8bitify.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class EightBitify(commands.Cog):
     @staticmethod
     def pixelate(image: Image) -> Image:
         """Takes an image and pixelates it."""
-        return image.resize((32, 32)).resize((1024, 1024))
+        return image.resize((32, 32), resample=Image.NEAREST).resize((1024, 1024), resample=Image.NEAREST)
 
     @staticmethod
     def quantize(image: Image) -> Image:
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/bookmark.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/bookmark.py
index 73908702..5fa05d2e 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/bookmark.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/bookmark.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import discord
 from discord.ext import commands
 
 from bot.constants import Colours, ERROR_REPLIES, Emojis, Icons
+from bot.utils.converters import WrappedMessageConverter
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ class Bookmark(commands.Cog):
     async def bookmark(
         self,
         ctx: commands.Context,
-        target_message: discord.Message,
+        target_message: WrappedMessageConverter,
         *,
         title: str = "Bookmark"
     ) -> None:
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/emoji_count.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/emoji_count.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ef900199
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/emoji_count.py
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import datetime
+import logging
+import random
+from typing import Dict, Optional
+
+import discord
+from discord.ext import commands
+
+from bot.constants import Colours, ERROR_REPLIES
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class EmojiCount(commands.Cog):
+    """Command that give random emoji based on category."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot):
+        self.bot = bot
+
+    def embed_builder(self, emoji: dict) -> discord.Embed:
+        """Generates an embed with the emoji names and count."""
+        embed = discord.Embed(
+            color=Colours.orange,
+            title="Emoji Count",
+            timestamp=datetime.datetime.utcnow()
+        )
+
+        if len(emoji) == 1:
+            for key, value in emoji.items():
+                embed.description = f"There are **{len(value)}** emojis in the **{key}** category"
+                embed.set_thumbnail(url=random.choice(value).url)
+        else:
+            msg = ''
+            for key, value in emoji.items():
+                emoji_choice = random.choice(value)
+                emoji_info = f'There are **{len(value)}** emojis in the **{key}** category\n'
+                msg += f'<:{emoji_choice.name}:{emoji_choice.id}> {emoji_info}'
+            embed.description = msg
+        return embed
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def generate_invalid_embed(ctx: commands.Context) -> discord.Embed:
+        """Genrates error embed."""
+        embed = discord.Embed(
+            color=Colours.soft_red,
+            title=random.choice(ERROR_REPLIES)
+        )
+
+        emoji_dict = {}
+        for emoji in ctx.guild.emojis:
+            emoji_dict[emoji.name.split("_")[0]] = []
+
+        error_comp = ', '.join(key for key in emoji_dict.keys())
+        embed.description = f"These are the valid categories\n```{error_comp}```"
+        return embed
+
+    def emoji_list(self, ctx: commands.Context, categories: dict) -> Dict:
+        """Generates an embed with the emoji names and count."""
+        out = {category: [] for category in categories}
+
+        for emoji in ctx.guild.emojis:
+            category = emoji.name.split('_')[0]
+            if category in out:
+                out[category].append(emoji)
+        return out
+
+    @commands.command(name="emoji_count", aliases=["ec"])
+    async def ec(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, emoji: str = None) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Returns embed with emoji category and info given by the user."""
+        emoji_dict = {}
+
+        for a in ctx.guild.emojis:
+            if emoji is None:
+                log.trace("Emoji Category not provided by the user")
+                emoji_dict.update({a.name.split("_")[0]: []})
+            elif a.name.split("_")[0] in emoji:
+                log.trace("Emoji Category provided by the user")
+                emoji_dict.update({a.name.split("_")[0]: []})
+
+        emoji_dict = self.emoji_list(ctx, emoji_dict)
+
+        if len(emoji_dict) == 0:
+            embed = self.generate_invalid_embed(ctx)
+        else:
+            embed = self.embed_builder(emoji_dict)
+        await ctx.send(embed=embed)
+
+
+def setup(bot: commands.Bot) -> None:
+    """Emoji Count Cog load."""
+    bot.add_cog(EmojiCount(bot))
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/minesweeper.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/minesweeper.py
index 3e40f493..286ac7a5 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/minesweeper.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/minesweeper.py
@@ -120,14 +120,14 @@ class Minesweeper(commands.Cog):
     def format_for_discord(board: GameBoard) -> str:
         """Format the board as a string for Discord."""
         discord_msg = (
-            ":stop_button:    :regional_indicator_a::regional_indicator_b::regional_indicator_c:"
-            ":regional_indicator_d::regional_indicator_e::regional_indicator_f::regional_indicator_g:"
-            ":regional_indicator_h::regional_indicator_i::regional_indicator_j:\n\n"
+            ":stop_button:    :regional_indicator_a: :regional_indicator_b: :regional_indicator_c: "
+            ":regional_indicator_d: :regional_indicator_e: :regional_indicator_f: :regional_indicator_g: "
+            ":regional_indicator_h: :regional_indicator_i: :regional_indicator_j:\n\n"
         )
         rows = []
         for row_number, row in enumerate(board):
             new_row = f"{MESSAGE_MAPPING[row_number + 1]}    "
-            new_row += "".join(MESSAGE_MAPPING[cell] for cell in row)
+            new_row += " ".join(MESSAGE_MAPPING[cell] for cell in row)
             rows.append(new_row)
 
         discord_msg += "\n".join(rows)
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ class Minesweeper(commands.Cog):
 
         if ctx.guild:
             await ctx.send(f"{ctx.author.mention} is playing Minesweeper")
-            chat_msg = await ctx.send(f"Here's there board!\n{self.format_for_discord(revealed_board)}")
+            chat_msg = await ctx.send(f"Here's their board!\n{self.format_for_discord(revealed_board)}")
         else:
             chat_msg = None
 
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ class Minesweeper(commands.Cog):
         await game.dm_msg.delete()
         game.dm_msg = await ctx.author.send(f"Here's your board!\n{self.format_for_discord(game.revealed)}")
         if game.activated_on_server:
-            await game.chat_msg.edit(content=f"Here's there board!\n{self.format_for_discord(game.revealed)}")
+            await game.chat_msg.edit(content=f"Here's their board!\n{self.format_for_discord(game.revealed)}")
 
     @commands.dm_only()
     @minesweeper_group.command(name="flag")
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/__init__.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/__init__.py
index 2eae2751..bc42f0c2 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/__init__.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/__init__.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import logging
 
 from discord.ext import commands
 
-from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes.snakes_cog import Snakes
+from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes._snakes_cog import Snakes
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/converter.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_converter.py
index 55609b8e..eee248cf 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/converter.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_converter.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import discord
 from discord.ext.commands import Context, Converter
 from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz
 
-from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes.utils import SNAKE_RESOURCES
+from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes._utils import SNAKE_RESOURCES
 from bot.utils import disambiguate
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/snakes_cog.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_snakes_cog.py
index 9bbad9fe..70bb0e73 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/snakes_cog.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_snakes_cog.py
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ from discord import Colour, Embed, File, Member, Message, Reaction
 from discord.ext.commands import BadArgument, Bot, Cog, CommandError, Context, bot_has_permissions, group
 
 from bot.constants import ERROR_REPLIES, Tokens
-from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes import utils
-from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes.converter import Snake
+from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes import _utils as utils
+from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes._converter import Snake
 from bot.utils.decorators import locked
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -1083,13 +1083,13 @@ class Snakes(Cog):
             url,
             params={
                 "part": "snippet",
-                "q": urllib.parse.quote(query),
+                "q": urllib.parse.quote_plus(query),
                 "type": "video",
                 "key": Tokens.youtube
             }
         )
         response = await response.json()
-        data = response['items']
+        data = response.get("items", [])
 
         # Send the user a video
         if len(data) > 0:
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/utils.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_utils.py
index 7d6caf04..7d6caf04 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/utils.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_utils.py
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/source.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/source.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0725714f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/source.py
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+import inspect
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+from discord import Embed
+from discord.ext import commands
+
+from bot.constants import Source
+
+SourceType = Union[commands.Command, commands.Cog, str, commands.ExtensionNotLoaded]
+
+
+class SourceConverter(commands.Converter):
+    """Convert an argument into a help command, tag, command, or cog."""
+
+    async def convert(self, ctx: commands.Context, argument: str) -> SourceType:
+        """Convert argument into source object."""
+        cog = ctx.bot.get_cog(argument)
+        if cog:
+            return cog
+
+        cmd = ctx.bot.get_command(argument)
+        if cmd:
+            return cmd
+
+        raise commands.BadArgument(
+            f"Unable to convert `{argument}` to valid command or Cog."
+        )
+
+
+class BotSource(commands.Cog):
+    """Displays information about the bot's source code."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot):
+        self.bot = bot
+
+    @commands.command(name="source", aliases=("src",))
+    async def source_command(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, source_item: SourceConverter = None) -> None:
+        """Display information and a GitHub link to the source code of a command, tag, or cog."""
+        if not source_item:
+            embed = Embed(title="Seasonal Bot's GitHub Repository")
+            embed.add_field(name="Repository", value=f"[Go to GitHub]({Source.github})")
+            embed.set_thumbnail(url=Source.github_avatar_url)
+            await ctx.send(embed=embed)
+            return
+
+        embed = await self.build_embed(source_item)
+        await ctx.send(embed=embed)
+
+    def get_source_link(self, source_item: SourceType) -> Tuple[str, str, Optional[int]]:
+        """
+        Build GitHub link of source item, return this link, file location and first line number.
+
+        Raise BadArgument if `source_item` is a dynamically-created object (e.g. via internal eval).
+        """
+        if isinstance(source_item, commands.Command):
+            src = source_item.callback.__code__
+            filename = src.co_filename
+        else:
+            src = type(source_item)
+            try:
+                filename = inspect.getsourcefile(src)
+            except TypeError:
+                raise commands.BadArgument("Cannot get source for a dynamically-created object.")
+
+        if not isinstance(source_item, str):
+            try:
+                lines, first_line_no = inspect.getsourcelines(src)
+            except OSError:
+                raise commands.BadArgument("Cannot get source for a dynamically-created object.")
+
+            lines_extension = f"#L{first_line_no}-L{first_line_no+len(lines)-1}"
+        else:
+            first_line_no = None
+            lines_extension = ""
+
+        file_location = Path(filename).relative_to(Path.cwd()).as_posix()
+
+        url = f"{Source.github}/blob/master/{file_location}{lines_extension}"
+
+        return url, file_location, first_line_no or None
+
+    async def build_embed(self, source_object: SourceType) -> Optional[Embed]:
+        """Build embed based on source object."""
+        url, location, first_line = self.get_source_link(source_object)
+
+        if isinstance(source_object, commands.Command):
+            if source_object.cog_name == 'Help':
+                title = "Help Command"
+                description = source_object.__doc__.splitlines()[1]
+            else:
+                description = source_object.short_doc
+                title = f"Command: {source_object.qualified_name}"
+        else:
+            title = f"Cog: {source_object.qualified_name}"
+            description = source_object.description.splitlines()[0]
+
+        embed = Embed(title=title, description=description)
+        embed.set_thumbnail(url=Source.github_avatar_url)
+        embed.add_field(name="Source Code", value=f"[Go to GitHub]({url})")
+        line_text = f":{first_line}" if first_line else ""
+        embed.set_footer(text=f"{location}{line_text}")
+
+        return embed
+
+
+def setup(bot: commands.Bot) -> None:
+    """Load the BotSource cog."""
+    bot.add_cog(BotSource(bot))
diff --git a/bot/exts/halloween/hacktober-issue-finder.py b/bot/exts/halloween/hacktober-issue-finder.py
index b5ad1c4f..9deadde9 100644
--- a/bot/exts/halloween/hacktober-issue-finder.py
+++ b/bot/exts/halloween/hacktober-issue-finder.py
@@ -7,13 +7,19 @@ import aiohttp
 import discord
 from discord.ext import commands
 
-from bot.constants import Month
+from bot.constants import Month, Tokens
 from bot.utils.decorators import in_month
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 URL = "https://api.github.com/search/issues?per_page=100&q=is:issue+label:hacktoberfest+language:python+state:open"
-HEADERS = {"Accept": "application / vnd.github.v3 + json"}
+
+REQUEST_HEADERS = {
+    "User-Agent": "Python Discord Hacktoberbot",
+    "Accept": "application / vnd.github.v3 + json"
+}
+if GITHUB_TOKEN := Tokens.github:
+    REQUEST_HEADERS["Authorization"] = f"token {GITHUB_TOKEN}"
 
 
 class HacktoberIssues(commands.Cog):
@@ -66,7 +72,7 @@ class HacktoberIssues(commands.Cog):
                     url += f"&page={page}"
 
             log.debug(f"making api request to url: {url}")
-            async with session.get(url, headers=HEADERS) as response:
+            async with session.get(url, headers=REQUEST_HEADERS) as response:
                 if response.status != 200:
                     log.error(f"expected 200 status (got {response.status}) from the GitHub api.")
                     await ctx.send(f"ERROR: expected 200 status (got {response.status}) from the GitHub api.")
@@ -97,7 +103,7 @@ class HacktoberIssues(commands.Cog):
         labels = [label["name"] for label in issue["labels"]]
 
         embed = discord.Embed(title=title)
-        embed.description = body
+        embed.description = body[:500] + '...' if len(body) > 500 else body
         embed.add_field(name="labels", value="\n".join(labels))
         embed.url = issue_url
         embed.set_footer(text=issue_url)
diff --git a/bot/exts/halloween/hacktoberstats.py b/bot/exts/halloween/hacktoberstats.py
index db5e37f2..ed1755e3 100644
--- a/bot/exts/halloween/hacktoberstats.py
+++ b/bot/exts/halloween/hacktoberstats.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import aiohttp
 import discord
 from discord.ext import commands
 
-from bot.constants import Channels, Month, WHITELISTED_CHANNELS
+from bot.constants import Channels, Month, Tokens, WHITELISTED_CHANNELS
 from bot.utils.decorators import in_month, override_in_channel
 from bot.utils.persist import make_persistent
 
@@ -18,7 +18,16 @@ log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 CURRENT_YEAR = datetime.now().year  # Used to construct GH API query
 PRS_FOR_SHIRT = 4  # Minimum number of PRs before a shirt is awarded
-HACKTOBER_WHITELIST = WHITELISTED_CHANNELS + (Channels.hacktoberfest_2019,)
+HACKTOBER_WHITELIST = WHITELISTED_CHANNELS + (Channels.hacktoberfest_2020,)
+
+REQUEST_HEADERS = {"User-Agent": "Python Discord Hacktoberbot"}
+if GITHUB_TOKEN := Tokens.github:
+    REQUEST_HEADERS["Authorization"] = f"token {GITHUB_TOKEN}"
+
+GITHUB_NONEXISTENT_USER_MESSAGE = (
+    "The listed users cannot be searched either because the users do not exist "
+    "or you do not have permission to view the users."
+)
 
 
 class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
@@ -29,7 +38,7 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
         self.link_json = make_persistent(Path("bot", "resources", "halloween", "github_links.json"))
         self.linked_accounts = self.load_linked_users()
 
-    @in_month(Month.OCTOBER)
+    @in_month(Month.SEPTEMBER, Month.OCTOBER, Month.NOVEMBER)
     @commands.group(name="hacktoberstats", aliases=("hackstats",), invoke_without_command=True)
     @override_in_channel(HACKTOBER_WHITELIST)
     async def hacktoberstats_group(self, ctx: commands.Context, github_username: str = None) -> None:
@@ -57,7 +66,7 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
 
         await self.get_stats(ctx, github_username)
 
-    @in_month(Month.OCTOBER)
+    @in_month(Month.SEPTEMBER, Month.OCTOBER, Month.NOVEMBER)
     @hacktoberstats_group.command(name="link")
     @override_in_channel(HACKTOBER_WHITELIST)
     async def link_user(self, ctx: commands.Context, github_username: str = None) -> None:
@@ -92,7 +101,7 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
             logging.info(f"{author_id} tried to link a GitHub account but didn't provide a username")
             await ctx.send(f"{author_mention}, a GitHub username is required to link your account")
 
-    @in_month(Month.OCTOBER)
+    @in_month(Month.SEPTEMBER, Month.OCTOBER, Month.NOVEMBER)
     @hacktoberstats_group.command(name="unlink")
     @override_in_channel(HACKTOBER_WHITELIST)
     async def unlink_user(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
@@ -175,11 +184,11 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
 
         n = pr_stats['n_prs']
         if n >= PRS_FOR_SHIRT:
-            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} has earned a tshirt!**"
+            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} has earned a T-shirt or a tree!**"
         elif n == PRS_FOR_SHIRT - 1:
-            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} is 1 PR away from a tshirt!**"
+            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} is 1 PR away from a T-shirt or a tree!**"
         else:
-            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} is {PRS_FOR_SHIRT - n} PRs away from a tshirt!**"
+            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} is {PRS_FOR_SHIRT - n} PRs away from a T-shirt or a tree!**"
 
         stats_embed = discord.Embed(
             title=f"{github_username}'s Hacktoberfest",
@@ -196,7 +205,7 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
         stats_embed.set_author(
             name="Hacktoberfest",
             url="https://hacktoberfest.digitalocean.com",
-            icon_url="https://hacktoberfest.digitalocean.com/pretty_logo.png"
+            icon_url="https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/35706162?s=200&v=4"
         )
         stats_embed.add_field(
             name="Top 5 Repositories:",
@@ -242,16 +251,22 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
             f"&per_page={per_page}"
         )
 
-        headers = {"user-agent": "Discord Python Hacktoberbot"}
         async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
-            async with session.get(query_url, headers=headers) as resp:
+            async with session.get(query_url, headers=REQUEST_HEADERS) as resp:
                 jsonresp = await resp.json()
 
         if "message" in jsonresp.keys():
             # One of the parameters is invalid, short circuit for now
             api_message = jsonresp["errors"][0]["message"]
-            logging.error(f"GitHub API request for '{github_username}' failed with message: {api_message}")
+
+            # Ignore logging non-existent users or users we do not have permission to see
+            if api_message == GITHUB_NONEXISTENT_USER_MESSAGE:
+                logging.debug(f"No GitHub user found named '{github_username}'")
+            else:
+                logging.error(f"GitHub API request for '{github_username}' failed with message: {api_message}")
+
             return
+
         else:
             if jsonresp["total_count"] == 0:
                 # Short circuit if there aren't any PRs
diff --git a/bot/exts/halloween/spookysound.py b/bot/exts/halloween/spookysound.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 569a9153..00000000
--- a/bot/exts/halloween/spookysound.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-import logging
-import random
-from pathlib import Path
-
-import discord
-from discord.ext import commands
-
-from bot.bot import SeasonalBot
-from bot.constants import Hacktoberfest
-
-log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-class SpookySound(commands.Cog):
-    """A cog that plays a spooky sound in a voice channel on command."""
-
-    def __init__(self, bot: SeasonalBot):
-        self.bot = bot
-        self.sound_files = list(Path("bot/resources/halloween/spookysounds").glob("*.mp3"))
-        self.channel = None
-
-    @commands.cooldown(rate=1, per=1)
-    @commands.command(brief="Play a spooky sound, restricted to once per 2 mins")
-    async def spookysound(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
-        """
-        Connect to the Hacktoberbot voice channel, play a random spooky sound, then disconnect.
-
-        Cannot be used more than once in 2 minutes.
-        """
-        if not self.channel:
-            await self.bot.wait_until_guild_available()
-            self.channel = self.bot.get_channel(Hacktoberfest.voice_id)
-
-        await ctx.send("Initiating spooky sound...")
-        file_path = random.choice(self.sound_files)
-        src = discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(str(file_path.resolve()))
-        voice = await self.channel.connect()
-        voice.play(src, after=lambda e: self.bot.loop.create_task(self.disconnect(voice)))
-
-    @staticmethod
-    async def disconnect(voice: discord.VoiceClient) -> None:
-        """Helper method to disconnect a given voice client."""
-        await voice.disconnect()
-
-
-def setup(bot: SeasonalBot) -> None:
-    """Spooky sound Cog load."""
-    bot.add_cog(SpookySound(bot))
diff --git a/bot/exts/halloween/timeleft.py b/bot/exts/halloween/timeleft.py
index 295acc89..47adb09b 100644
--- a/bot/exts/halloween/timeleft.py
+++ b/bot/exts/halloween/timeleft.py
@@ -13,20 +13,23 @@ class TimeLeft(commands.Cog):
     def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot):
         self.bot = bot
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def in_october() -> bool:
-        """Return True if the current month is October."""
-        return datetime.utcnow().month == 10
+    def in_hacktober(self) -> bool:
+        """Return True if the current time is within Hacktoberfest."""
+        _, end, start = self.load_date()
+
+        now = datetime.utcnow()
+
+        return start <= now <= end
 
     @staticmethod
-    def load_date() -> Tuple[int, datetime, datetime]:
+    def load_date() -> Tuple[datetime, datetime, datetime]:
         """Return of a tuple of the current time and the end and start times of the next October."""
         now = datetime.utcnow()
         year = now.year
         if now.month > 10:
             year += 1
-        end = datetime(year, 11, 1, 11, 59, 59)
-        start = datetime(year, 10, 1)
+        end = datetime(year, 11, 1, 12)  # November 1st 12:00 (UTC-12:00)
+        start = datetime(year, 9, 30, 10)  # September 30th 10:00 (UTC+14:00)
         return now, end, start
 
     @commands.command()
@@ -35,16 +38,23 @@ class TimeLeft(commands.Cog):
         Calculates the time left until the end of Hacktober.
 
         Whilst in October, displays the days, hours and minutes left.
-        Only displays the days left until the beginning and end whilst in a different month
+        Only displays the days left until the beginning and end whilst in a different month.
+
+        This factors in that Hacktoberfest starts when it is October anywhere in the world
+        and ends with the same rules. It treats the start as UTC+14:00 and the end as
+        UTC-12.
         """
         now, end, start = self.load_date()
         diff = end - now
         days, seconds = diff.days, diff.seconds
-        if self.in_october():
+        if self.in_hacktober():
             minutes = seconds // 60
             hours, minutes = divmod(minutes, 60)
-            await ctx.send(f"There is currently only {days} days, {hours} hours and {minutes}"
-                           "minutes left until the end of Hacktober.")
+
+            await ctx.send(
+                f"There are {days} days, {hours} hours and {minutes}"
+                f" minutes left until the end of Hacktober."
+            )
         else:
             start_diff = start - now
             start_days = start_diff.days
diff --git a/bot/exts/utils/__init__.py b/bot/exts/utils/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/exts/utils/__init__.py
diff --git a/bot/exts/utils/extensions.py b/bot/exts/utils/extensions.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..102a0416
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/exts/utils/extensions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+import functools
+import logging
+import typing as t
+from enum import Enum
+
+from discord import Colour, Embed
+from discord.ext import commands
+from discord.ext.commands import Context, group
+
+from bot import exts
+from bot.bot import SeasonalBot as Bot
+from bot.constants import Client, Emojis, MODERATION_ROLES, Roles
+from bot.utils.checks import with_role_check
+from bot.utils.extensions import EXTENSIONS, unqualify
+from bot.utils.pagination import LinePaginator
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+UNLOAD_BLACKLIST = {f"{exts.__name__}.utils.extensions"}
+BASE_PATH_LEN = len(exts.__name__.split("."))
+
+
+class Action(Enum):
+    """Represents an action to perform on an extension."""
+
+    # Need to be partial otherwise they are considered to be function definitions.
+    LOAD = functools.partial(Bot.load_extension)
+    UNLOAD = functools.partial(Bot.unload_extension)
+    RELOAD = functools.partial(Bot.reload_extension)
+
+
+class Extension(commands.Converter):
+    """
+    Fully qualify the name of an extension and ensure it exists.
+
+    The * and ** values bypass this when used with the reload command.
+    """
+
+    async def convert(self, ctx: Context, argument: str) -> str:
+        """Fully qualify the name of an extension and ensure it exists."""
+        # Special values to reload all extensions
+        if argument == "*" or argument == "**":
+            return argument
+
+        argument = argument.lower()
+
+        if argument in EXTENSIONS:
+            return argument
+        elif (qualified_arg := f"{exts.__name__}.{argument}") in EXTENSIONS:
+            return qualified_arg
+
+        matches = []
+        for ext in EXTENSIONS:
+            if argument == unqualify(ext):
+                matches.append(ext)
+
+        if len(matches) > 1:
+            matches.sort()
+            names = "\n".join(matches)
+            raise commands.BadArgument(
+                f":x: `{argument}` is an ambiguous extension name. "
+                f"Please use one of the following fully-qualified names.```\n{names}```"
+            )
+        elif matches:
+            return matches[0]
+        else:
+            raise commands.BadArgument(f":x: Could not find the extension `{argument}`.")
+
+
+class Extensions(commands.Cog):
+    """Extension management commands."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bot: Bot):
+        self.bot = bot
+
+    @group(name="extensions", aliases=("ext", "exts", "c", "cogs"), invoke_without_command=True)
+    async def extensions_group(self, ctx: Context) -> None:
+        """Load, unload, reload, and list loaded extensions."""
+        await ctx.send_help(ctx.command)
+
+    @extensions_group.command(name="load", aliases=("l",))
+    async def load_command(self, ctx: Context, *extensions: Extension) -> None:
+        r"""
+        Load extensions given their fully qualified or unqualified names.
+
+        If '\*' or '\*\*' is given as the name, all unloaded extensions will be loaded.
+        """  # noqa: W605
+        if not extensions:
+            await ctx.send_help(ctx.command)
+            return
+
+        if "*" in extensions or "**" in extensions:
+            extensions = set(EXTENSIONS) - set(self.bot.extensions.keys())
+
+        msg = self.batch_manage(Action.LOAD, *extensions)
+        await ctx.send(msg)
+
+    @extensions_group.command(name="unload", aliases=("ul",))
+    async def unload_command(self, ctx: Context, *extensions: Extension) -> None:
+        r"""
+        Unload currently loaded extensions given their fully qualified or unqualified names.
+
+        If '\*' or '\*\*' is given as the name, all loaded extensions will be unloaded.
+        """  # noqa: W605
+        if not extensions:
+            await ctx.send_help(ctx.command)
+            return
+
+        blacklisted = "\n".join(UNLOAD_BLACKLIST & set(extensions))
+
+        if blacklisted:
+            msg = f":x: The following extension(s) may not be unloaded:```{blacklisted}```"
+        else:
+            if "*" in extensions or "**" in extensions:
+                extensions = set(self.bot.extensions.keys()) - UNLOAD_BLACKLIST
+
+            msg = self.batch_manage(Action.UNLOAD, *extensions)
+
+        await ctx.send(msg)
+
+    @extensions_group.command(name="reload", aliases=("r",), root_aliases=("reload",))
+    async def reload_command(self, ctx: Context, *extensions: Extension) -> None:
+        r"""
+        Reload extensions given their fully qualified or unqualified names.
+
+        If an extension fails to be reloaded, it will be rolled-back to the prior working state.
+
+        If '\*' is given as the name, all currently loaded extensions will be reloaded.
+        If '\*\*' is given as the name, all extensions, including unloaded ones, will be reloaded.
+        """  # noqa: W605
+        if not extensions:
+            await ctx.send_help(ctx.command)
+            return
+
+        if "**" in extensions:
+            extensions = EXTENSIONS
+        elif "*" in extensions:
+            extensions = set(self.bot.extensions.keys()) | set(extensions)
+            extensions.remove("*")
+
+        msg = self.batch_manage(Action.RELOAD, *extensions)
+
+        await ctx.send(msg)
+
+    @extensions_group.command(name="list", aliases=("all",))
+    async def list_command(self, ctx: Context) -> None:
+        """
+        Get a list of all extensions, including their loaded status.
+
+        Grey indicates that the extension is unloaded.
+        Green indicates that the extension is currently loaded.
+        """
+        embed = Embed(colour=Colour.blurple())
+        embed.set_author(
+            name="Extensions List",
+            url=Client.github_bot_repo,
+            icon_url=str(self.bot.user.avatar_url)
+        )
+
+        lines = []
+        categories = self.group_extension_statuses()
+        for category, extensions in sorted(categories.items()):
+            # Treat each category as a single line by concatenating everything.
+            # This ensures the paginator will not cut off a page in the middle of a category.
+            category = category.replace("_", " ").title()
+            extensions = "\n".join(sorted(extensions))
+            lines.append(f"**{category}**\n{extensions}\n")
+
+        log.debug(f"{ctx.author} requested a list of all cogs. Returning a paginated list.")
+        await LinePaginator.paginate(lines, ctx, embed, max_size=1200, empty=False)
+
+    def group_extension_statuses(self) -> t.Mapping[str, str]:
+        """Return a mapping of extension names and statuses to their categories."""
+        categories = {}
+
+        for ext in EXTENSIONS:
+            if ext in self.bot.extensions:
+                status = Emojis.status_online
+            else:
+                status = Emojis.status_offline
+
+            path = ext.split(".")
+            if len(path) > BASE_PATH_LEN + 1:
+                category = " - ".join(path[BASE_PATH_LEN:-1])
+            else:
+                category = "uncategorised"
+
+            categories.setdefault(category, []).append(f"{status}  {path[-1]}")
+
+        return categories
+
+    def batch_manage(self, action: Action, *extensions: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Apply an action to multiple extensions and return a message with the results.
+
+        If only one extension is given, it is deferred to `manage()`.
+        """
+        if len(extensions) == 1:
+            msg, _ = self.manage(action, extensions[0])
+            return msg
+
+        verb = action.name.lower()
+        failures = {}
+
+        for extension in extensions:
+            _, error = self.manage(action, extension)
+            if error:
+                failures[extension] = error
+
+        emoji = ":x:" if failures else ":ok_hand:"
+        msg = f"{emoji} {len(extensions) - len(failures)} / {len(extensions)} extensions {verb}ed."
+
+        if failures:
+            failures = "\n".join(f"{ext}\n    {err}" for ext, err in failures.items())
+            msg += f"\nFailures:```{failures}```"
+
+        log.debug(f"Batch {verb}ed extensions.")
+
+        return msg
+
+    def manage(self, action: Action, ext: str) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str]]:
+        """Apply an action to an extension and return the status message and any error message."""
+        verb = action.name.lower()
+        error_msg = None
+
+        try:
+            action.value(self.bot, ext)
+        except (commands.ExtensionAlreadyLoaded, commands.ExtensionNotLoaded):
+            if action is Action.RELOAD:
+                # When reloading, just load the extension if it was not loaded.
+                return self.manage(Action.LOAD, ext)
+
+            msg = f":x: Extension `{ext}` is already {verb}ed."
+            log.debug(msg[4:])
+        except Exception as e:
+            if hasattr(e, "original"):
+                e = e.original
+
+            log.exception(f"Extension '{ext}' failed to {verb}.")
+
+            error_msg = f"{e.__class__.__name__}: {e}"
+            msg = f":x: Failed to {verb} extension `{ext}`:\n```{error_msg}```"
+        else:
+            msg = f":ok_hand: Extension successfully {verb}ed: `{ext}`."
+            log.debug(msg[10:])
+
+        return msg, error_msg
+
+    # This cannot be static (must have a __func__ attribute).
+    def cog_check(self, ctx: Context) -> bool:
+        """Only allow moderators and core developers to invoke the commands in this cog."""
+        return with_role_check(ctx, *MODERATION_ROLES, Roles.core_developers)
+
+    # This cannot be static (must have a __func__ attribute).
+    async def cog_command_error(self, ctx: Context, error: Exception) -> None:
+        """Handle BadArgument errors locally to prevent the help command from showing."""
+        if isinstance(error, commands.BadArgument):
+            await ctx.send(str(error))
+            error.handled = True
+
+
+def setup(bot: Bot) -> None:
+    """Load the Extensions cog."""
+    bot.add_cog(Extensions(bot))
diff --git a/bot/exts/valentines/valentine_zodiac.py b/bot/exts/valentines/valentine_zodiac.py
index ef9ddc78..2696999f 100644
--- a/bot/exts/valentines/valentine_zodiac.py
+++ b/bot/exts/valentines/valentine_zodiac.py
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
+import calendar
+import json
 import logging
 import random
-from json import load
+from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Tuple, Union
 
 import discord
 from discord.ext import commands
@@ -19,37 +22,123 @@ class ValentineZodiac(commands.Cog):
 
     def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot):
         self.bot = bot
-        self.zodiacs = self.load_json()
+        self.zodiacs, self.zodiac_fact = self.load_comp_json()
 
     @staticmethod
-    def load_json() -> dict:
+    def load_comp_json() -> Tuple[dict, dict]:
         """Load zodiac compatibility from static JSON resource."""
-        p = Path("bot/resources/valentines/zodiac_compatibility.json")
-        with p.open(encoding="utf8") as json_data:
-            zodiacs = load(json_data)
-            return zodiacs
-
-    @commands.command(name="partnerzodiac")
-    async def counter_zodiac(self, ctx: commands.Context, zodiac_sign: str) -> None:
-        """Provides a counter compatible zodiac sign to the given user's zodiac sign."""
-        try:
-            compatible_zodiac = random.choice(self.zodiacs[zodiac_sign.lower()])
-        except KeyError:
-            return await ctx.send(zodiac_sign.capitalize() + " zodiac sign does not exist.")
-
-        emoji1 = random.choice(HEART_EMOJIS)
-        emoji2 = random.choice(HEART_EMOJIS)
-        embed = discord.Embed(
-            title="Zodic Compatibility",
-            description=f'{zodiac_sign.capitalize()}{emoji1}{compatible_zodiac["Zodiac"]}\n'
-                        f'{emoji2}Compatibility meter : {compatible_zodiac["compatibility_score"]}{emoji2}',
-            color=Colours.pink
-        )
-        embed.add_field(
-            name=f'A letter from Dr.Zodiac {LETTER_EMOJI}',
-            value=compatible_zodiac['description']
-        )
+        explanation_file = Path("bot/resources/valentines/zodiac_explanation.json")
+        compatibility_file = Path("bot/resources/valentines/zodiac_compatibility.json")
+        with explanation_file.open(encoding="utf8") as json_data:
+            zodiac_fact = json.load(json_data)
+            for zodiac_data in zodiac_fact.values():
+                zodiac_data['start_at'] = datetime.fromisoformat(zodiac_data['start_at'])
+                zodiac_data['end_at'] = datetime.fromisoformat(zodiac_data['end_at'])
+
+        with compatibility_file.open(encoding="utf8") as json_data:
+            zodiacs = json.load(json_data)
+
+        return zodiacs, zodiac_fact
+
+    def generate_invalidname_embed(self, zodiac: str) -> discord.Embed:
+        """Returns error embed."""
+        embed = discord.Embed()
+        embed.color = Colours.soft_red
+        error_msg = f"**{zodiac}** is not a valid zodiac sign, here is the list of valid zodiac signs.\n"
+        names = list(self.zodiac_fact)
+        middle_index = len(names) // 2
+        first_half_names = ", ".join(names[:middle_index])
+        second_half_names = ", ".join(names[middle_index:])
+        embed.description = error_msg + first_half_names + ",\n" + second_half_names
+        log.info("Invalid zodiac name provided.")
+        return embed
+
+    def zodiac_build_embed(self, zodiac: str) -> discord.Embed:
+        """Gives informative zodiac embed."""
+        zodiac = zodiac.capitalize()
+        embed = discord.Embed()
+        embed.color = Colours.pink
+        if zodiac in self.zodiac_fact:
+            log.trace("Making zodiac embed.")
+            embed.title = f"__{zodiac}__"
+            embed.description = self.zodiac_fact[zodiac]["About"]
+            embed.add_field(name='__Motto__', value=self.zodiac_fact[zodiac]["Motto"], inline=False)
+            embed.add_field(name='__Strengths__', value=self.zodiac_fact[zodiac]["Strengths"], inline=False)
+            embed.add_field(name='__Weaknesses__', value=self.zodiac_fact[zodiac]["Weaknesses"], inline=False)
+            embed.add_field(name='__Full form__', value=self.zodiac_fact[zodiac]["full_form"], inline=False)
+            embed.set_thumbnail(url=self.zodiac_fact[zodiac]["url"])
+        else:
+            embed = self.generate_invalidname_embed(zodiac)
+        log.trace("Successfully created zodiac information embed.")
+        return embed
+
+    def zodiac_date_verifier(self, query_date: datetime) -> str:
+        """Returns zodiac sign by checking date."""
+        for zodiac_name, zodiac_data in self.zodiac_fact.items():
+            if zodiac_data["start_at"].date() <= query_date.date() <= zodiac_data["end_at"].date():
+                log.trace("Zodiac name sent.")
+                return zodiac_name
+
+    @commands.group(name='zodiac', invoke_without_command=True)
+    async def zodiac(self, ctx: commands.Context, zodiac_sign: str) -> None:
+        """Provides information about zodiac sign by taking zodiac sign name as input."""
+        final_embed = self.zodiac_build_embed(zodiac_sign)
+        await ctx.send(embed=final_embed)
+        log.trace("Embed successfully sent.")
+
+    @zodiac.command(name="date")
+    async def date_and_month(self, ctx: commands.Context, date: int, month: Union[int, str]) -> None:
+        """Provides information about zodiac sign by taking month and date as input."""
+        if isinstance(month, str):
+            month = month.capitalize()
+            try:
+                month = list(calendar.month_abbr).index(month[:3])
+                log.trace('Valid month name entered by user')
+            except ValueError:
+                log.info('Invalid month name entered by user')
+                await ctx.send(f"Sorry, but `{month}` is not a valid month name.")
+                return
+        if (month == 1 and 1 <= date <= 19) or (month == 12 and 22 <= date <= 31):
+            zodiac = "capricorn"
+            final_embed = self.zodiac_build_embed(zodiac)
+        else:
+            try:
+                zodiac_sign_based_on_date = self.zodiac_date_verifier(datetime(2020, month, date))
+                log.trace("zodiac sign based on month and date received.")
+            except ValueError as e:
+                final_embed = discord.Embed()
+                final_embed.color = Colours.soft_red
+                final_embed.description = f"Zodiac sign could not be found because.\n```{e}```"
+                log.info(f'Error in "zodiac date" command:\n{e}.')
+            else:
+                final_embed = self.zodiac_build_embed(zodiac_sign_based_on_date)
+
+        await ctx.send(embed=final_embed)
+        log.trace("Embed from date successfully sent.")
+
+    @zodiac.command(name="partnerzodiac", aliases=['partner'])
+    async def partner_zodiac(self, ctx: commands.Context, zodiac_sign: str) -> None:
+        """Provides a random counter compatible zodiac sign to the given user's zodiac sign."""
+        embed = discord.Embed()
+        embed.color = Colours.pink
+        zodiac_check = self.zodiacs.get(zodiac_sign.capitalize())
+        if zodiac_check:
+            compatible_zodiac = random.choice(self.zodiacs[zodiac_sign.capitalize()])
+            emoji1 = random.choice(HEART_EMOJIS)
+            emoji2 = random.choice(HEART_EMOJIS)
+            embed.title = "Zodiac Compatibility"
+            embed.description = (
+                f'{zodiac_sign.capitalize()}{emoji1}{compatible_zodiac["Zodiac"]}\n'
+                f'{emoji2}Compatibility meter : {compatible_zodiac["compatibility_score"]}{emoji2}'
+            )
+            embed.add_field(
+                name=f'A letter from Dr.Zodiac {LETTER_EMOJI}',
+                value=compatible_zodiac['description']
+            )
+        else:
+            embed = self.generate_invalidname_embed(zodiac_sign)
         await ctx.send(embed=embed)
+        log.trace("Embed from date successfully sent.")
 
 
 def setup(bot: commands.Bot) -> None: