Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into main

# Conflicts:
#	bot/exts/holidays/halloween/candy_collection.py

22 files changed, 828 insertions, 299 deletions

diff --git a/bot/exts/avatar_modification/avatar_modify.py b/bot/exts/avatar_modification/avatar_modify.py
index fbee96dc..3ee70cfd 100644
--- a/bot/exts/avatar_modification/avatar_modify.py
+++ b/bot/exts/avatar_modification/avatar_modify.py
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ class AvatarModify(commands.Cog):
     @avatar_modify.command(
         aliases=("savatar", "spookify"),
         root_aliases=("spookyavatar", "spookify", "savatar"),
-        brief="Spookify an user's avatar."
+        brief="Spookify a user's avatar."
     )
     async def spookyavatar(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
         """This "spookifies" the user's avatar, with a random *spooky* effect."""
diff --git a/bot/exts/core/error_handler.py b/bot/exts/core/error_handler.py
index fd2123e7..676a1e70 100644
--- a/bot/exts/core/error_handler.py
+++ b/bot/exts/core/error_handler.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from sentry_sdk import push_scope
 from bot.bot import Bot
 from bot.constants import Channels, Colours, ERROR_REPLIES, NEGATIVE_REPLIES, RedirectOutput
 from bot.utils.decorators import InChannelCheckFailure, InMonthCheckFailure
-from bot.utils.exceptions import APIError, UserNotPlayingError
+from bot.utils.exceptions import APIError, MovedCommandError, UserNotPlayingError
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -130,6 +130,14 @@ class CommandErrorHandler(commands.Cog):
             )
             return
 
+        if isinstance(error, MovedCommandError):
+            description = (
+                f"This command, `{ctx.prefix}{ctx.command.qualified_name}` has moved to `{error.new_command_name}`.\n"
+                f"Please use `{error.new_command_name}` instead."
+            )
+            await ctx.send(embed=self.error_embed(description, NEGATIVE_REPLIES))
+            return
+
         with push_scope() as scope:
             scope.user = {
                 "id": ctx.author.id,
diff --git a/bot/exts/core/help.py b/bot/exts/core/help.py
index 4b766b50..db3c2aa6 100644
--- a/bot/exts/core/help.py
+++ b/bot/exts/core/help.py
@@ -13,10 +13,7 @@ from rapidfuzz import process
 from bot import constants
 from bot.bot import Bot
 from bot.constants import Emojis
-from bot.utils.pagination import (
-    FIRST_EMOJI, LAST_EMOJI,
-    LEFT_EMOJI, LinePaginator, RIGHT_EMOJI,
-)
+from bot.utils.pagination import FIRST_EMOJI, LAST_EMOJI, LEFT_EMOJI, LinePaginator, RIGHT_EMOJI
 
 DELETE_EMOJI = Emojis.trashcan
 
diff --git a/bot/exts/core/internal_eval/_internal_eval.py b/bot/exts/core/internal_eval/_internal_eval.py
index 4f6b4321..5b5461f0 100644
--- a/bot/exts/core/internal_eval/_internal_eval.py
+++ b/bot/exts/core/internal_eval/_internal_eval.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from bot.bot import Bot
 from bot.constants import Client, Roles
 from bot.utils.decorators import with_role
 from bot.utils.extensions import invoke_help_command
+
 from ._helpers import EvalContext
 
 __all__ = ["InternalEval"]
@@ -146,14 +147,14 @@ class InternalEval(commands.Cog):
         await self._send_output(ctx, eval_context.format_output())
 
     @commands.group(name="internal", aliases=("int",))
-    @with_role(Roles.admin)
+    @with_role(Roles.admins)
     async def internal_group(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
         """Internal commands. Top secret!"""
         if not ctx.invoked_subcommand:
             await invoke_help_command(ctx)
 
     @internal_group.command(name="eval", aliases=("e",))
-    @with_role(Roles.admin)
+    @with_role(Roles.admins)
     async def eval(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, code: str) -> None:
         """Run eval in a REPL-like format."""
         if match := list(FORMATTED_CODE_REGEX.finditer(code)):
@@ -172,7 +173,7 @@ class InternalEval(commands.Cog):
         await self._eval(ctx, code)
 
     @internal_group.command(name="reset", aliases=("clear", "exit", "r", "c"))
-    @with_role(Roles.admin)
+    @with_role(Roles.admins)
     async def reset(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
         """Reset the context and locals of the eval session."""
         self.locals = {}
diff --git a/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/_cog.py b/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/_cog.py
index 7dd967ec..c597fd0e 100644
--- a/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/_cog.py
+++ b/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/_cog.py
@@ -6,14 +6,16 @@ from typing import Optional
 
 import arrow
 import discord
-from discord.ext import commands
+from async_rediscache import RedisCache
+from discord.ext import commands, tasks
 
 from bot.bot import Bot
 from bot.constants import (
-    AdventOfCode as AocConfig, Channels, Colours, Emojis, Month, Roles, WHITELISTED_CHANNELS,
+    AdventOfCode as AocConfig, Channels, Client, Colours, Emojis, Month, Roles, WHITELISTED_CHANNELS
 )
 from bot.exts.events.advent_of_code import _helpers
 from bot.exts.events.advent_of_code.views.dayandstarview import AoCDropdownView
+from bot.utils import members
 from bot.utils.decorators import InChannelCheckFailure, in_month, whitelist_override, with_role
 from bot.utils.extensions import invoke_help_command
 
@@ -31,6 +33,14 @@ AOC_WHITELIST = AOC_WHITELIST_RESTRICTED + (Channels.advent_of_code,)
 class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
     """Advent of Code festivities! Ho Ho Ho!"""
 
+    # Redis Cache for linking Discord IDs to Advent of Code usernames
+    # RedisCache[member_id: aoc_username_string]
+    account_links = RedisCache()
+
+    # A dict with keys of member_ids to block from getting the role
+    # RedisCache[member_id: None]
+    completionist_block_list = RedisCache()
+
     def __init__(self, bot: Bot):
         self.bot = bot
 
@@ -50,6 +60,59 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
         self.status_task.set_name("AoC Status Countdown")
         self.status_task.add_done_callback(_helpers.background_task_callback)
 
+        self.completionist_task.start()
+
+    @tasks.loop(minutes=10.0)
+    async def completionist_task(self) -> None:
+        """
+        Give members who have completed all 50 AoC stars the completionist role.
+
+        Runs on a schedule, as defined in the task.loop decorator.
+        """
+        await self.bot.wait_until_guild_available()
+        guild = self.bot.get_guild(Client.guild)
+        completionist_role = guild.get_role(Roles.aoc_completionist)
+        if completionist_role is None:
+            log.warning("Could not find the AoC completionist role; cancelling completionist task.")
+            self.completionist_task.cancel()
+            return
+
+        aoc_name_to_member_id = {
+            aoc_name: member_id
+            for member_id, aoc_name in await self.account_links.items()
+        }
+
+        try:
+            leaderboard = await _helpers.fetch_leaderboard()
+        except _helpers.FetchingLeaderboardFailedError:
+            await self.bot.send_log("Unable to fetch AoC leaderboard during role sync.")
+            return
+
+        placement_leaderboard = json.loads(leaderboard["placement_leaderboard"])
+
+        for member_aoc_info in placement_leaderboard.values():
+            if not member_aoc_info["stars"] == 50:
+                # Only give the role to people who have completed all 50 stars
+                continue
+
+            member_id = aoc_name_to_member_id.get(member_aoc_info["name"], None)
+            if not member_id:
+                log.debug(f"Could not find member_id for {member_aoc_info['name']}, not giving role.")
+                continue
+
+            member = await members.get_or_fetch_member(guild, member_id)
+            if member is None:
+                log.debug(f"Could not find {member_id}, not giving role.")
+                continue
+
+            if completionist_role in member.roles:
+                log.debug(f"{member.name} ({member.mention}) already has the completionist role.")
+                continue
+
+            if not await self.completionist_block_list.contains(member_id):
+                log.debug(f"Giving completionist role to {member.name} ({member.mention}).")
+                await members.handle_role_change(member, member.add_roles, completionist_role)
+
     @commands.group(name="adventofcode", aliases=("aoc",))
     @whitelist_override(channels=AOC_WHITELIST)
     async def adventofcode_group(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
@@ -57,6 +120,21 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
         if not ctx.invoked_subcommand:
             await invoke_help_command(ctx)
 
+    @with_role(Roles.admins)
+    @adventofcode_group.command(
+        name="block",
+        brief="Block a user from getting the completionist role.",
+    )
+    async def block_from_role(self, ctx: commands.Context, member: discord.Member) -> None:
+        """Block the given member from receiving the AoC completionist role, removing it from them if needed."""
+        completionist_role = ctx.guild.get_role(Roles.aoc_completionist)
+        if completionist_role in member.roles:
+            await member.remove_roles(completionist_role)
+
+        await self.completionist_block_list.set(member.id, "sentinel")
+        await ctx.send(f":+1: Blocked {member.mention} from getting the AoC completionist role.")
+
+    @commands.guild_only()
     @adventofcode_group.command(
         name="subscribe",
         aliases=("sub", "notifications", "notify", "notifs"),
@@ -86,6 +164,7 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
             )
 
     @in_month(Month.DECEMBER)
+    @commands.guild_only()
     @adventofcode_group.command(name="unsubscribe", aliases=("unsub",), brief="Notifications for new days")
     @whitelist_override(channels=AOC_WHITELIST)
     async def aoc_unsubscribe(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
@@ -102,32 +181,26 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
     @whitelist_override(channels=AOC_WHITELIST)
     async def aoc_countdown(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
         """Return time left until next day."""
-        if not _helpers.is_in_advent():
-            datetime_now = arrow.now(_helpers.EST)
-
-            # Calculate the delta to this & next year's December 1st to see which one is closest and not in the past
-            this_year = arrow.get(datetime(datetime_now.year, 12, 1), _helpers.EST)
-            next_year = arrow.get(datetime(datetime_now.year + 1, 12, 1), _helpers.EST)
-            deltas = (dec_first - datetime_now for dec_first in (this_year, next_year))
-            delta = min(delta for delta in deltas if delta >= timedelta())  # timedelta() gives 0 duration delta
-
-            # Add a finer timedelta if there's less than a day left
-            if delta.days == 0:
-                delta_str = f"approximately {delta.seconds // 3600} hours"
-            else:
-                delta_str = f"{delta.days} days"
+        if _helpers.is_in_advent():
+            tomorrow, _ = _helpers.time_left_to_est_midnight()
+            next_day_timestamp = int(tomorrow.timestamp())
 
-            await ctx.send(
-                "The Advent of Code event is not currently running. "
-                f"The next event will start in {delta_str}."
-            )
+            await ctx.send(f"Day {tomorrow.day} starts <t:{next_day_timestamp}:R>.")
             return
 
-        tomorrow, time_left = _helpers.time_left_to_est_midnight()
+        datetime_now = arrow.now(_helpers.EST)
+        # Calculate the delta to this & next year's December 1st to see which one is closest and not in the past
+        this_year = arrow.get(datetime(datetime_now.year, 12, 1), _helpers.EST)
+        next_year = arrow.get(datetime(datetime_now.year + 1, 12, 1), _helpers.EST)
+        deltas = (dec_first - datetime_now for dec_first in (this_year, next_year))
+        delta = min(delta for delta in deltas if delta >= timedelta())  # timedelta() gives 0 duration delta
 
-        hours, minutes = time_left.seconds // 3600, time_left.seconds // 60 % 60
+        next_aoc_timestamp = int((datetime_now + delta).timestamp())
 
-        await ctx.send(f"There are {hours} hours and {minutes} minutes left until day {tomorrow.day}.")
+        await ctx.send(
+            "The Advent of Code event is not currently running. "
+            f"The next event will start <t:{next_aoc_timestamp}:R>."
+        )
 
     @adventofcode_group.command(name="about", aliases=("ab", "info"), brief="Learn about Advent of Code")
     @whitelist_override(channels=AOC_WHITELIST)
@@ -135,6 +208,7 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
         """Respond with an explanation of all things Advent of Code."""
         await ctx.send(embed=self.cached_about_aoc)
 
+    @commands.guild_only()
     @adventofcode_group.command(name="join", aliases=("j",), brief="Learn how to join the leaderboard (via DM)")
     @whitelist_override(channels=AOC_WHITELIST)
     async def join_leaderboard(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
@@ -180,26 +254,93 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
         else:
             await ctx.message.add_reaction(Emojis.envelope)
 
+    @in_month(Month.NOVEMBER, Month.DECEMBER)
+    @adventofcode_group.command(
+        name="link",
+        aliases=("connect",),
+        brief="Tie your Discord account with your Advent of Code name."
+    )
+    @whitelist_override(channels=AOC_WHITELIST)
+    async def aoc_link_account(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, aoc_name: str = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Link your Discord Account to your Advent of Code name.
+
+        Stored in a Redis Cache with the format of `Discord ID: Advent of Code Name`
+        """
+        cache_items = await self.account_links.items()
+        cache_aoc_names = [value for _, value in cache_items]
+
+        if aoc_name:
+            # Let's check the current values in the cache to make sure it isn't already tied to a different account
+            if aoc_name == await self.account_links.get(ctx.author.id):
+                await ctx.reply(f"{aoc_name} is already tied to your account.")
+                return
+            elif aoc_name in cache_aoc_names:
+                log.info(
+                    f"{ctx.author} ({ctx.author.id}) tried to connect their account to {aoc_name},"
+                    " but it's already connected to another user."
+                )
+                await ctx.reply(
+                    f"{aoc_name} is already tied to another account."
+                    " Please contact an admin if you believe this is an error."
+                )
+                return
+
+            # Update an existing link
+            if old_aoc_name := await self.account_links.get(ctx.author.id):
+                log.info(f"Changing link for {ctx.author} ({ctx.author.id}) from {old_aoc_name} to {aoc_name}.")
+                await self.account_links.set(ctx.author.id, aoc_name)
+                await ctx.reply(f"Your linked account has been changed to {aoc_name}.")
+            else:
+                # Create a new link
+                log.info(f"Linking {ctx.author} ({ctx.author.id}) to account {aoc_name}.")
+                await self.account_links.set(ctx.author.id, aoc_name)
+                await ctx.reply(f"You have linked your Discord ID to {aoc_name}.")
+        else:
+            # User has not supplied a name, let's check if they're in the cache or not
+            if cache_name := await self.account_links.get(ctx.author.id):
+                await ctx.reply(f"You have already linked an Advent of Code account: {cache_name}.")
+            else:
+                await ctx.reply(
+                    "You have not linked an Advent of Code account."
+                    " Please re-run the command with one specified."
+                )
+
+    @in_month(Month.NOVEMBER, Month.DECEMBER)
+    @adventofcode_group.command(
+        name="unlink",
+        aliases=("disconnect",),
+        brief="Tie your Discord account with your Advent of Code name."
+    )
+    @whitelist_override(channels=AOC_WHITELIST)
+    async def aoc_unlink_account(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
+        """
+        Unlink your Discord ID with your Advent of Code leaderboard name.
+
+        Deletes the entry that was Stored in the Redis cache.
+        """
+        if aoc_cache_name := await self.account_links.get(ctx.author.id):
+            log.info(f"Unlinking {ctx.author} ({ctx.author.id}) from Advent of Code account {aoc_cache_name}")
+            await self.account_links.delete(ctx.author.id)
+            await ctx.reply(f"We have removed the link between your Discord ID and {aoc_cache_name}.")
+        else:
+            log.info(f"Attempted to unlink {ctx.author} ({ctx.author.id}), but no link was found.")
+            await ctx.reply("You don't have an Advent of Code account linked.")
+
     @in_month(Month.DECEMBER)
     @adventofcode_group.command(
-        name="leaderboard",
-        aliases=("board", "lb"),
-        brief="Get a snapshot of the PyDis private AoC leaderboard",
+        name="dayandstar",
+        aliases=("daynstar", "daystar"),
+        brief="Get a view that lets you filter the leaderboard by day and star",
     )
     @whitelist_override(channels=AOC_WHITELIST_RESTRICTED)
-    async def aoc_leaderboard(
+    async def aoc_day_and_star_leaderboard(
             self,
             ctx: commands.Context,
-            day_and_star: Optional[bool] = False,
-            maximum_scorers: Optional[int] = 10
+            maximum_scorers_day_and_star: Optional[int] = 10
     ) -> None:
-        """
-        Get the current top scorers of the Python Discord Leaderboard.
-
-        Additionally, you can provide an argument `day_and_star` (Boolean) to have the bot send a View
-        that will let you filter by day and star.
-        """
-        if maximum_scorers > AocConfig.max_day_and_star_results or maximum_scorers <= 0:
+        """Have the bot send a View that will let you filter the leaderboard by day and star."""
+        if maximum_scorers_day_and_star > AocConfig.max_day_and_star_results or maximum_scorers_day_and_star <= 0:
             raise commands.BadArgument(
                 f"The maximum number of results you can query is {AocConfig.max_day_and_star_results}"
             )
@@ -209,25 +350,12 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
             except _helpers.FetchingLeaderboardFailedError:
                 await ctx.send(":x: Unable to fetch leaderboard!")
                 return
-        if not day_and_star:
-
-            number_of_participants = leaderboard["number_of_participants"]
-
-            top_count = min(AocConfig.leaderboard_displayed_members, number_of_participants)
-            header = f"Here's our current top {top_count}! {Emojis.christmas_tree * 3}"
-
-            table = f"```\n{leaderboard['top_leaderboard']}\n```"
-            info_embed = _helpers.get_summary_embed(leaderboard)
-
-            await ctx.send(content=f"{header}\n\n{table}", embed=info_embed)
-            return
-
         # This is a dictionary that contains solvers in respect of day, and star.
         # e.g. 1-1 means the solvers of the first star of the first day and their completion time
         per_day_and_star = json.loads(leaderboard['leaderboard_per_day_and_star'])
         view = AoCDropdownView(
             day_and_star_data=per_day_and_star,
-            maximum_scorers=maximum_scorers,
+            maximum_scorers=maximum_scorers_day_and_star,
             original_author=ctx.author
         )
         message = await ctx.send(
@@ -239,6 +367,51 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
 
     @in_month(Month.DECEMBER)
     @adventofcode_group.command(
+        name="leaderboard",
+        aliases=("board", "lb"),
+        brief="Get a snapshot of the PyDis private AoC leaderboard",
+    )
+    @whitelist_override(channels=AOC_WHITELIST_RESTRICTED)
+    async def aoc_leaderboard(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, aoc_name: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Get the current top scorers of the Python Discord Leaderboard.
+
+        Additionally you can specify an `aoc_name` that will append the
+        specified profile's personal stats to the top of the leaderboard
+        """
+        # Strip quotes from the AoC username if needed (e.g. "My Name" -> My Name)
+        # This is to keep compatibility with those already used to wrapping the AoC name in quotes
+        # Note: only strips one layer of quotes to allow names with quotes at the start and end
+        #      e.g. ""My Name"" -> "My Name"
+        if aoc_name and aoc_name.startswith('"') and aoc_name.endswith('"'):
+            aoc_name = aoc_name[1:-1]
+
+        # Check if an advent of code account is linked in the Redis Cache if aoc_name is not given
+        if (aoc_cache_name := await self.account_links.get(ctx.author.id)) and aoc_name is None:
+            aoc_name = aoc_cache_name
+
+        async with ctx.typing():
+            try:
+                leaderboard = await _helpers.fetch_leaderboard(self_placement_name=aoc_name)
+            except _helpers.FetchingLeaderboardFailedError:
+                await ctx.send(":x: Unable to fetch leaderboard!")
+                return
+
+        number_of_participants = leaderboard["number_of_participants"]
+
+        top_count = min(AocConfig.leaderboard_displayed_members, number_of_participants)
+        self_placement_header = " (and your personal stats compared to the top 10)" if aoc_name else ""
+        header = f"Here's our current top {top_count}{self_placement_header}! {Emojis.christmas_tree * 3}"
+        table = "```\n" \
+                f"{leaderboard['placement_leaderboard'] if aoc_name else leaderboard['top_leaderboard']}" \
+                "\n```"
+        info_embed = _helpers.get_summary_embed(leaderboard)
+
+        await ctx.send(content=f"{header}\n\n{table}", embed=info_embed)
+        return
+
+    @in_month(Month.DECEMBER)
+    @adventofcode_group.command(
         name="global",
         aliases=("globalboard", "gb"),
         brief="Get a link to the global leaderboard",
@@ -284,7 +457,7 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
             info_embed = _helpers.get_summary_embed(leaderboard)
             await ctx.send(f"```\n{table}\n```", embed=info_embed)
 
-    @with_role(Roles.admin)
+    @with_role(Roles.admins)
     @adventofcode_group.command(
         name="refresh",
         aliases=("fetch",),
@@ -310,6 +483,7 @@ class AdventOfCode(commands.Cog):
         log.debug("Unloading the cog and canceling the background task.")
         self.notification_task.cancel()
         self.status_task.cancel()
+        self.completionist_task.cancel()
 
     def _build_about_embed(self) -> discord.Embed:
         """Build and return the informational "About AoC" embed from the resources file."""
diff --git a/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/_helpers.py b/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/_helpers.py
index af64bc81..807cc275 100644
--- a/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/_helpers.py
+++ b/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/_helpers.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from typing import Any, Optional
 import aiohttp
 import arrow
 import discord
+from discord.ext import commands
 
 from bot.bot import Bot
 from bot.constants import AdventOfCode, Channels, Colours
@@ -70,6 +71,33 @@ class FetchingLeaderboardFailedError(Exception):
     """Raised when one or more leaderboards could not be fetched at all."""
 
 
+def _format_leaderboard_line(rank: int, data: dict[str, Any], *, is_author: bool) -> str:
+    """
+    Build a string representing a line of the leaderboard.
+
+    Parameters:
+        rank:
+            Rank in the leaderboard of this entry.
+
+        data:
+            Mapping with entry information.
+
+    Keyword arguments:
+        is_author:
+            Whether to address the name displayed in the returned line
+            personally.
+
+    Returns:
+        A formatted line for the leaderboard.
+    """
+    return AOC_TABLE_TEMPLATE.format(
+        rank=rank,
+        name=data['name'] if not is_author else f"(You) {data['name']}",
+        score=str(data['score']),
+        stars=f"({data['star_1']}, {data['star_2']})"
+    )
+
+
 def leaderboard_sorting_function(entry: tuple[str, dict]) -> tuple[int, int]:
     """
     Provide a sorting value for our leaderboard.
@@ -160,10 +188,23 @@ def _parse_raw_leaderboard_data(raw_leaderboard_data: dict) -> dict:
     return {"daily_stats": daily_stats, "leaderboard": sorted_leaderboard, 'per_day_and_star': per_day_star_stats}
 
 
-def _format_leaderboard(leaderboard: dict[str, dict]) -> str:
+def _format_leaderboard(leaderboard: dict[str, dict], self_placement_name: str = None) -> str:
     """Format the leaderboard using the AOC_TABLE_TEMPLATE."""
     leaderboard_lines = [HEADER]
+    self_placement_exists = False
     for rank, data in enumerate(leaderboard.values(), start=1):
+        if self_placement_name and data["name"].lower() == self_placement_name.lower():
+            leaderboard_lines.insert(
+                1,
+                AOC_TABLE_TEMPLATE.format(
+                    rank=rank,
+                    name=f"(You) {data['name']}",
+                    score=str(data["score"]),
+                    stars=f"({data['star_1']}, {data['star_2']})"
+                )
+            )
+            self_placement_exists = True
+            continue
         leaderboard_lines.append(
             AOC_TABLE_TEMPLATE.format(
                 rank=rank,
@@ -172,7 +213,13 @@ def _format_leaderboard(leaderboard: dict[str, dict]) -> str:
                 stars=f"({data['star_1']}, {data['star_2']})"
             )
         )
-
+    if self_placement_name and not self_placement_exists:
+        raise commands.BadArgument(
+            "Sorry, your profile does not exist in this leaderboard."
+            "\n\n"
+            "To join our leaderboard, run the command `.aoc join`."
+            " If you've joined recently, please wait up to 30 minutes for our leaderboard to refresh."
+        )
     return "\n".join(leaderboard_lines)
 
 
@@ -260,7 +307,7 @@ def _get_top_leaderboard(full_leaderboard: str) -> str:
 
 
 @_caches.leaderboard_cache.atomic_transaction
-async def fetch_leaderboard(invalidate_cache: bool = False) -> dict:
+async def fetch_leaderboard(invalidate_cache: bool = False, self_placement_name: str = None) -> dict:
     """
     Get the current Python Discord combined leaderboard.
 
@@ -270,7 +317,6 @@ async def fetch_leaderboard(invalidate_cache: bool = False) -> dict:
     miss, this function is locked to one call at a time using a decorator.
     """
     cached_leaderboard = await _caches.leaderboard_cache.to_dict()
-
     # Check if the cached leaderboard contains everything we expect it to. If it
     # does not, this probably means the cache has not been created yet or has
     # expired in Redis. This check also accounts for a malformed cache.
@@ -289,6 +335,7 @@ async def fetch_leaderboard(invalidate_cache: bool = False) -> dict:
         leaderboard_fetched_at = datetime.datetime.utcnow().isoformat()
 
         cached_leaderboard = {
+            "placement_leaderboard": json.dumps(raw_leaderboard_data),
             "full_leaderboard": formatted_leaderboard,
             "top_leaderboard": _get_top_leaderboard(formatted_leaderboard),
             "full_leaderboard_url": full_leaderboard_url,
@@ -307,7 +354,13 @@ async def fetch_leaderboard(invalidate_cache: bool = False) -> dict:
                 _caches.leaderboard_cache.namespace,
                 AdventOfCode.leaderboard_cache_expiry_seconds
             )
-
+    if self_placement_name:
+        formatted_placement_leaderboard = _parse_raw_leaderboard_data(
+            json.loads(cached_leaderboard["placement_leaderboard"])
+        )["leaderboard"]
+        cached_leaderboard["placement_leaderboard"] = _get_top_leaderboard(
+            _format_leaderboard(formatted_placement_leaderboard, self_placement_name=self_placement_name)
+        )
     return cached_leaderboard
 
 
diff --git a/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/views/dayandstarview.py b/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/views/dayandstarview.py
index 243db32e..a0bfa316 100644
--- a/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/views/dayandstarview.py
+++ b/bot/exts/events/advent_of_code/views/dayandstarview.py
@@ -17,14 +17,19 @@ class AoCDropdownView(discord.ui.View):
         self.original_author = original_author
 
     def generate_output(self) -> str:
-        """Generates a formatted codeblock with AoC statistics based on the currently selected day and star."""
+        """
+        Generates a formatted codeblock with AoC statistics based on the currently selected day and star.
+
+        Optionally, when the requested day and star data does not exist yet it returns an error message.
+        """
         header = AOC_DAY_AND_STAR_TEMPLATE.format(
             rank="Rank",
             name="Name", completion_time="Completion time (UTC)"
         )
         lines = [f"{header}\n{'-' * (len(header) + 2)}"]
-
-        for rank, scorer in enumerate(self.data[f"{self.day}-{self.star}"][:self.maximum_scorers]):
+        if not (day_and_star_data := self.data.get(f"{self.day}-{self.star}")):
+            return ":x: The requested data for the specified day and star does not exist yet."
+        for rank, scorer in enumerate(day_and_star_data[:self.maximum_scorers]):
             time_data = datetime.fromtimestamp(scorer['completion_time']).strftime("%I:%M:%S %p")
             lines.append(AOC_DAY_AND_STAR_TEMPLATE.format(
                 datastamp="",
diff --git a/bot/exts/fun/snakes/_utils.py b/bot/exts/fun/snakes/_utils.py
index de51339d..182fa9d9 100644
--- a/bot/exts/fun/snakes/_utils.py
+++ b/bot/exts/fun/snakes/_utils.py
@@ -6,13 +6,14 @@ import math
 import random
 from itertools import product
 from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Union
 
 from PIL import Image
 from PIL.ImageDraw import ImageDraw
-from discord import File, Member, Reaction
+from discord import File, Member, Reaction, User
 from discord.ext.commands import Cog, Context
 
-from bot.constants import Roles
+from bot.constants import MODERATION_ROLES
 
 SNAKE_RESOURCES = Path("bot/resources/fun/snakes").absolute()
 
@@ -395,7 +396,7 @@ class SnakeAndLaddersGame:
 
         Listen for reactions until players have joined, and the game has been started.
         """
-        def startup_event_check(reaction_: Reaction, user_: Member) -> bool:
+        def startup_event_check(reaction_: Reaction, user_: Union[User, Member]) -> bool:
             """Make sure that this reaction is what we want to operate on."""
             return (
                 all((
@@ -460,7 +461,7 @@ class SnakeAndLaddersGame:
                 await self.cancel_game()
                 return  # We're done, no reactions for the last 5 minutes
 
-    async def _add_player(self, user: Member) -> None:
+    async def _add_player(self, user: Union[User, Member]) -> None:
         """Add player to game."""
         self.players.append(user)
         self.player_tiles[user.id] = 1
@@ -469,7 +470,7 @@ class SnakeAndLaddersGame:
         im = Image.open(io.BytesIO(avatar_bytes)).resize((BOARD_PLAYER_SIZE, BOARD_PLAYER_SIZE))
         self.avatar_images[user.id] = im
 
-    async def player_join(self, user: Member) -> None:
+    async def player_join(self, user: Union[User, Member]) -> None:
         """
         Handle players joining the game.
 
@@ -495,7 +496,7 @@ class SnakeAndLaddersGame:
             delete_after=10
         )
 
-    async def player_leave(self, user: Member) -> bool:
+    async def player_leave(self, user: Union[User, Member]) -> bool:
         """
         Handle players leaving the game.
 
@@ -530,7 +531,7 @@ class SnakeAndLaddersGame:
         await self.channel.send("**Snakes and Ladders**: Game has been canceled.")
         self._destruct()
 
-    async def start_game(self, user: Member) -> None:
+    async def start_game(self, user: Union[User, Member]) -> None:
         """
         Allow the game author to begin the game.
 
@@ -551,7 +552,7 @@ class SnakeAndLaddersGame:
 
     async def start_round(self) -> None:
         """Begin the round."""
-        def game_event_check(reaction_: Reaction, user_: Member) -> bool:
+        def game_event_check(reaction_: Reaction, user_: Union[User, Member]) -> bool:
             """Make sure that this reaction is what we want to operate on."""
             return (
                 all((
@@ -644,7 +645,7 @@ class SnakeAndLaddersGame:
         if not is_surrendered:
             await self._complete_round()
 
-    async def player_roll(self, user: Member) -> None:
+    async def player_roll(self, user: Union[User, Member]) -> None:
         """Handle the player's roll."""
         if user.id not in self.player_tiles:
             await self.channel.send(user.mention + " You are not in the match.", delete_after=10)
@@ -691,7 +692,7 @@ class SnakeAndLaddersGame:
         await self.channel.send("**Snakes and Ladders**: " + winner.mention + " has won the game! :tada:")
         self._destruct()
 
-    def _check_winner(self) -> Member:
+    def _check_winner(self) -> Union[User, Member]:
         """Return a winning member if we're in the post-round state and there's a winner."""
         if self.state != "post_round":
             return None
@@ -716,6 +717,6 @@ class SnakeAndLaddersGame:
         return x_level, y_level
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _is_moderator(user: Member) -> bool:
+    def _is_moderator(user: Union[User, Member]) -> bool:
         """Return True if the user is a Moderator."""
-        return any(Roles.moderator == role.id for role in user.roles)
+        return any(role.id in MODERATION_ROLES for role in getattr(user, 'roles', []))
diff --git a/bot/exts/fun/trivia_quiz.py b/bot/exts/fun/trivia_quiz.py
index 712c8a12..4a1cec5b 100644
--- a/bot/exts/fun/trivia_quiz.py
+++ b/bot/exts/fun/trivia_quiz.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from discord.ext import commands, tasks
 from rapidfuzz import fuzz
 
 from bot.bot import Bot
-from bot.constants import Client, Colours, NEGATIVE_REPLIES, Roles
+from bot.constants import Client, Colours, MODERATION_ROLES, NEGATIVE_REPLIES
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ class TriviaQuiz(commands.Cog):
             if self.game_status[ctx.channel.id]:
                 # Check if the author is the game starter or a moderator.
                 if ctx.author == self.game_owners[ctx.channel.id] or any(
-                    Roles.moderator == role.id for role in ctx.author.roles
+                    role.id in MODERATION_ROLES for role in getattr(ctx.author, 'roles', [])
                 ):
                     self.game_status[ctx.channel.id] = False
                     del self.game_owners[ctx.channel.id]
diff --git a/bot/exts/holidays/easter/earth_photos.py b/bot/exts/holidays/easter/earth_photos.py
index f65790af..27442f1c 100644
--- a/bot/exts/holidays/easter/earth_photos.py
+++ b/bot/exts/holidays/easter/earth_photos.py
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ import discord
 from discord.ext import commands
 
 from bot.bot import Bot
-from bot.constants import Colours
-from bot.constants import Tokens
+from bot.constants import Colours, Tokens
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
diff --git a/bot/exts/holidays/halloween/candy_collection.py b/bot/exts/holidays/halloween/candy_collection.py
index 079d900d..729bbc97 100644
--- a/bot/exts/holidays/halloween/candy_collection.py
+++ b/bot/exts/holidays/halloween/candy_collection.py
@@ -83,6 +83,11 @@ class CandyCollection(commands.Cog):
         # if its not a candy or skull, and it is one of 10 most recent messages,
         # proceed to add a skull/candy with higher chance
         if str(reaction.emoji) not in (EMOJIS["SKULL"], EMOJIS["CANDY"]):
+            # Ensure the reaction is not for a bot's message so users can't spam
+            # reaction buttons like in .help to get candies.
+            if message.author.bot:
+                return
+
             recent_message_ids = map(
                 lambda m: m.id,
                 await self.hacktober_channel.history(limit=10).flatten()
@@ -182,6 +187,12 @@ class CandyCollection(commands.Cog):
                 for index, record in enumerate(top_five)
             ) if top_five else "No Candies"
 
+        def get_user_candy_score() -> str:
+            for user_id, score in records:
+                if user_id == ctx.author.id:
+                    return f"{ctx.author.mention}: {score}"
+            return f"{ctx.author.mention}: 0"
+
         e = discord.Embed(colour=discord.Colour.og_blurple())
         e.add_field(
             name="Top Candy Records",
@@ -189,6 +200,11 @@ class CandyCollection(commands.Cog):
             inline=False
         )
         e.add_field(
+            name="Your Candy Score",
+            value=get_user_candy_score(),
+            inline=False
+        )
+        e.add_field(
             name="\u200b",
             value="Candies will randomly appear on messages sent. "
                   "\nHit the candy when it appears as fast as possible to get the candy! "
diff --git a/bot/exts/holidays/halloween/scarymovie.py b/bot/exts/holidays/halloween/scarymovie.py
index 33659fd8..89310b97 100644
--- a/bot/exts/holidays/halloween/scarymovie.py
+++ b/bot/exts/holidays/halloween/scarymovie.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ from discord.ext import commands
 
 from bot.bot import Bot
 from bot.constants import Tokens
+
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 
diff --git a/bot/exts/holidays/hanukkah/hanukkah_embed.py b/bot/exts/holidays/hanukkah/hanukkah_embed.py
index ac3eab7b..5767f91e 100644
--- a/bot/exts/holidays/hanukkah/hanukkah_embed.py
+++ b/bot/exts/holidays/hanukkah/hanukkah_embed.py
@@ -21,45 +21,41 @@ class HanukkahEmbed(commands.Cog):
 
     def __init__(self, bot: Bot):
         self.bot = bot
-        self.hanukkah_days = []
-        self.hanukkah_months = []
-        self.hanukkah_years = []
+        self.hanukkah_dates: list[datetime.date] = []
 
-    async def get_hanukkah_dates(self) -> list[str]:
+    def _parse_time_to_datetime(self, date: list[str]) -> datetime.datetime:
+        """Format the times provided by the api to datetime forms."""
+        try:
+            return datetime.datetime.strptime(date, "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z")
+        except ValueError:
+            # there is a possibility of an event not having a time, just a day
+            # to catch this, we try again without time information
+            return datetime.datetime.strptime(date, "%Y-%m-%d")
+
+    async def fetch_hanukkah_dates(self) -> list[datetime.date]:
         """Gets the dates for hanukkah festival."""
-        hanukkah_dates = []
+        # clear the datetime objects to prevent a memory link
+        self.hanukkah_dates = []
         async with self.bot.http_session.get(HEBCAL_URL) as response:
             json_data = await response.json()
         festivals = json_data["items"]
         for festival in festivals:
             if festival["title"].startswith("Chanukah"):
                 date = festival["date"]
-                hanukkah_dates.append(date)
-        return hanukkah_dates
+                self.hanukkah_dates.append(self._parse_time_to_datetime(date).date())
+        return self.hanukkah_dates
 
     @in_month(Month.NOVEMBER, Month.DECEMBER)
     @commands.command(name="hanukkah", aliases=("chanukah",))
     async def hanukkah_festival(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
         """Tells you about the Hanukkah Festivaltime of festival, festival day, etc)."""
-        hanukkah_dates = await self.get_hanukkah_dates()
-        self.hanukkah_dates_split(hanukkah_dates)
-        hanukkah_start_day = int(self.hanukkah_days[0])
-        hanukkah_start_month = int(self.hanukkah_months[0])
-        hanukkah_start_year = int(self.hanukkah_years[0])
-        hanukkah_end_day = int(self.hanukkah_days[8])
-        hanukkah_end_month = int(self.hanukkah_months[8])
-        hanukkah_end_year = int(self.hanukkah_years[8])
-
-        hanukkah_start = datetime.date(hanukkah_start_year, hanukkah_start_month, hanukkah_start_day)
-        hanukkah_end = datetime.date(hanukkah_end_year, hanukkah_end_month, hanukkah_end_day)
+        hanukkah_dates = await self.fetch_hanukkah_dates()
+        start_day = hanukkah_dates[0]
+        end_day = hanukkah_dates[-1]
         today = datetime.date.today()
-        # today = datetime.date(2019, 12, 24) (for testing)
-        day = str(today.day)
-        month = str(today.month)
-        year = str(today.year)
         embed = Embed(title="Hanukkah", colour=Colours.blue)
-        if day in self.hanukkah_days and month in self.hanukkah_months and year in self.hanukkah_years:
-            if int(day) == hanukkah_start_day:
+        if start_day <= today <= end_day:
+            if start_day == today:
                 now = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
                 hours = now.hour + 4  # using only hours
                 hanukkah_start_hour = 18
@@ -77,35 +73,27 @@ class HanukkahEmbed(commands.Cog):
                     )
                     await ctx.send(embed=embed)
                     return
-            festival_day = self.hanukkah_days.index(day)
+            festival_day = hanukkah_dates.index(today)
             number_suffixes = ["st", "nd", "rd", "th"]
             suffix = number_suffixes[festival_day - 1 if festival_day <= 3 else 3]
             message = ":menorah:" * festival_day
-            embed.description = f"It is the {festival_day}{suffix} day of Hanukkah!\n{message}"
-            await ctx.send(embed=embed)
+            embed.description = (
+                f"It is the {festival_day}{suffix} day of Hanukkah!\n{message}"
+            )
+        elif today < start_day:
+            format_start = start_day.strftime("%d of %B")
+            embed.description = (
+                "Hanukkah has not started yet. "
+                f"Hanukkah will start at sundown on {format_start}."
+            )
         else:
-            if today < hanukkah_start:
-                festival_starting_month = hanukkah_start.strftime("%B")
-                embed.description = (
-                    f"Hanukkah has not started yet. "
-                    f"Hanukkah will start at sundown on {hanukkah_start_day}th "
-                    f"of {festival_starting_month}."
-                )
-            else:
-                festival_end_month = hanukkah_end.strftime("%B")
-                embed.description = (
-                    f"Looks like you missed Hanukkah!"
-                    f"Hanukkah ended on {hanukkah_end_day}th of {festival_end_month}."
-                )
-
-            await ctx.send(embed=embed)
+            format_end = end_day.strftime("%d of %B")
+            embed.description = (
+                "Looks like you missed Hanukkah! "
+                f"Hanukkah ended on {format_end}."
+            )
 
-    def hanukkah_dates_split(self, hanukkah_dates: list[str]) -> None:
-        """We are splitting the dates for hanukkah into days, months and years."""
-        for date in hanukkah_dates:
-            self.hanukkah_days.append(date[8:10])
-            self.hanukkah_months.append(date[5:7])
-            self.hanukkah_years.append(date[0:4])
+        await ctx.send(embed=embed)
 
 
 def setup(bot: Bot) -> None:
diff --git a/bot/exts/holidays/valentines/be_my_valentine.py b/bot/exts/holidays/valentines/be_my_valentine.py
index 4d454c3a..1572d474 100644
--- a/bot/exts/holidays/valentines/be_my_valentine.py
+++ b/bot/exts/holidays/valentines/be_my_valentine.py
@@ -7,14 +7,16 @@ import discord
 from discord.ext import commands
 
 from bot.bot import Bot
-from bot.constants import Channels, Colours, Lovefest, Month
+from bot.constants import Channels, Colours, Lovefest, Month, PYTHON_PREFIX
 from bot.utils.decorators import in_month
-from bot.utils.extensions import invoke_help_command
+from bot.utils.exceptions import MovedCommandError
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 HEART_EMOJIS = [":heart:", ":gift_heart:", ":revolving_hearts:", ":sparkling_heart:", ":two_hearts:"]
 
+MOVED_COMMAND = f"{PYTHON_PREFIX}subscribe"
+
 
 class BeMyValentine(commands.Cog):
     """A cog that sends Valentines to other users!"""
@@ -30,40 +32,14 @@ class BeMyValentine(commands.Cog):
         return loads(p.read_text("utf8"))
 
     @in_month(Month.FEBRUARY)
-    @commands.group(name="lovefest")
+    @commands.command(name="lovefest", help=f"NOTE: This command has been moved to {MOVED_COMMAND}")
     async def lovefest_role(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
         """
-        Subscribe or unsubscribe from the lovefest role.
-
-        The lovefest role makes you eligible to receive anonymous valentines from other users.
+        Deprecated lovefest role command.
 
-        1) use the command \".lovefest sub\" to get the lovefest role.
-        2) use the command \".lovefest unsub\" to get rid of the lovefest role.
+        This command has been moved to bot, and will be removed in the future.
         """
-        if not ctx.invoked_subcommand:
-            await invoke_help_command(ctx)
-
-    @lovefest_role.command(name="sub")
-    async def add_role(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
-        """Adds the lovefest role."""
-        user = ctx.author
-        role = ctx.guild.get_role(Lovefest.role_id)
-        if role not in ctx.author.roles:
-            await user.add_roles(role)
-            await ctx.send("The Lovefest role has been added !")
-        else:
-            await ctx.send("You already have the role !")
-
-    @lovefest_role.command(name="unsub")
-    async def remove_role(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
-        """Removes the lovefest role."""
-        user = ctx.author
-        role = ctx.guild.get_role(Lovefest.role_id)
-        if role not in ctx.author.roles:
-            await ctx.send("You dont have the lovefest role.")
-        else:
-            await user.remove_roles(role)
-            await ctx.send("The lovefest role has been successfully removed!")
+        raise MovedCommandError(MOVED_COMMAND)
 
     @commands.cooldown(1, 1800, commands.BucketType.user)
     @commands.group(name="bemyvalentine", invoke_without_command=True)
diff --git a/bot/exts/utilities/bookmark.py b/bot/exts/utilities/bookmark.py
index a11c366b..b50205a0 100644
--- a/bot/exts/utilities/bookmark.py
+++ b/bot/exts/utilities/bookmark.py
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class Bookmark(commands.Cog):
                     "You must either provide a valid message to bookmark, or reply to one."
                     "\n\nThe lookup strategy for a message is as follows (in order):"
                     "\n1. Lookup by '{channel ID}-{message ID}' (retrieved by shift-clicking on 'Copy ID')"
-                    "\n2. Lookup by message ID (the message **must** have been sent after the bot last started)"
+                    "\n2. Lookup by message ID (the message **must** be in the context channel)"
                     "\n3. Lookup by message URL"
                 )
             target_message = ctx.message.reference.resolved
diff --git a/bot/exts/utilities/challenges.py b/bot/exts/utilities/challenges.py
index 234eb0be..ab7ae442 100644
--- a/bot/exts/utilities/challenges.py
+++ b/bot/exts/utilities/challenges.py
@@ -162,13 +162,20 @@ class Challenges(commands.Cog):
             kata_description = "\n".join(kata_description[:1000].split("\n")[:-1]) + "..."
             kata_description += f" [continue reading]({kata_url})"
 
+        if kata_information["rank"]["name"] is None:
+            embed_color = 8
+            kata_difficulty = "Unable to retrieve difficulty for beta languages."
+        else:
+            embed_color = int(kata_information["rank"]["name"].replace(" kyu", ""))
+            kata_difficulty = kata_information["rank"]["name"]
+
         kata_embed = Embed(
             title=kata_information["name"],
             description=kata_description,
-            color=MAPPING_OF_KYU[int(kata_information["rank"]["name"].replace(" kyu", ""))],
+            color=MAPPING_OF_KYU[embed_color],
             url=kata_url
         )
-        kata_embed.add_field(name="Difficulty", value=kata_information["rank"]["name"], inline=False)
+        kata_embed.add_field(name="Difficulty", value=kata_difficulty, inline=False)
         return kata_embed
 
     @staticmethod
@@ -268,30 +275,29 @@ class Challenges(commands.Cog):
         `.challenge <language> <query>, <difficulty>` - Pulls a random challenge with the query provided,
         under that difficulty within the language's scope.
         """
-        if language.lower() not in SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES["stable"] + SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES["beta"]:
+        language = language.lower()
+        if language not in SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES["stable"] + SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES["beta"]:
             raise commands.BadArgument("This is not a recognized language on codewars.com!")
 
         get_kata_link = f"https://codewars.com/kata/search/{language}"
         params = {}
 
-        if language and not query:
-            level = f"-{choice([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])}"
-            params["r[]"] = level
-        elif "," in query:
-            query_splitted = query.split("," if ", " not in query else ", ")
+        if query is not None:
+            if "," in query:
+                query_splitted = query.split("," if ", " not in query else ", ")
 
-            if len(query_splitted) > 2:
-                raise commands.BadArgument(
-                    "There can only be one comma within the query, separating the difficulty and the query itself."
-                )
+                if len(query_splitted) > 2:
+                    raise commands.BadArgument(
+                        "There can only be one comma within the query, separating the difficulty and the query itself."
+                    )
 
-            query, level = query_splitted
-            params["q"] = query
-            params["r[]"] = f"-{level}"
-        elif query.isnumeric():
-            params["r[]"] = f"-{query}"
-        else:
-            params["q"] = query
+                query, level = query_splitted
+                params["q"] = query
+                params["r[]"] = f"-{level}"
+            elif query.isnumeric():
+                params["r[]"] = f"-{query}"
+            else:
+                params["q"] = query
 
         params["beta"] = str(language in SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES["beta"]).lower()
 
diff --git a/bot/exts/utilities/colour.py b/bot/exts/utilities/colour.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ee6bad93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/exts/utilities/colour.py
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+import colorsys
+import json
+import pathlib
+import random
+import string
+from io import BytesIO
+from typing import Optional
+
+import discord
+import rapidfuzz
+from PIL import Image, ImageColor
+from discord.ext import commands
+
+from bot import constants
+from bot.bot import Bot
+from bot.exts.core.extensions import invoke_help_command
+from bot.utils.decorators import whitelist_override
+
+THUMBNAIL_SIZE = (80, 80)
+
+
+class Colour(commands.Cog):
+    """Cog for the Colour command."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bot: Bot):
+        self.bot = bot
+        with open(pathlib.Path("bot/resources/utilities/ryanzec_colours.json")) as f:
+            self.colour_mapping = json.load(f)
+            del self.colour_mapping['_']  # Delete source credit entry
+
+    async def send_colour_response(self, ctx: commands.Context, rgb: tuple[int, int, int]) -> None:
+        """Create and send embed from user given colour information."""
+        name = self._rgb_to_name(rgb)
+        try:
+            colour_or_color = ctx.invoked_parents[0]
+        except IndexError:
+            colour_or_color = "colour"
+
+        colour_mode = ctx.invoked_with
+        if colour_mode == "random":
+            colour_mode = colour_or_color
+            input_colour = name
+        elif colour_mode in ("colour", "color"):
+            input_colour = ctx.kwargs["colour_input"]
+        elif colour_mode == "name":
+            input_colour = ctx.kwargs["user_colour_name"]
+        elif colour_mode == "hex":
+            input_colour = ctx.args[2:][0]
+            if len(input_colour) > 7:
+                input_colour = input_colour[0:-2]
+        else:
+            input_colour = tuple(ctx.args[2:])
+
+        if colour_mode not in ("name", "hex", "random", "color", "colour"):
+            colour_mode = colour_mode.upper()
+        else:
+            colour_mode = colour_mode.title()
+
+        colour_embed = discord.Embed(
+            title=f"{name or input_colour}",
+            description=f"{colour_or_color.title()} information for {colour_mode} `{input_colour or name}`.",
+            colour=discord.Color.from_rgb(*rgb)
+        )
+        colour_conversions = self.get_colour_conversions(rgb)
+        for colour_space, value in colour_conversions.items():
+            colour_embed.add_field(
+                name=colour_space,
+                value=f"`{value}`",
+                inline=True
+            )
+
+        thumbnail = Image.new("RGB", THUMBNAIL_SIZE, color=rgb)
+        buffer = BytesIO()
+        thumbnail.save(buffer, "PNG")
+        buffer.seek(0)
+        thumbnail_file = discord.File(buffer, filename="colour.png")
+
+        colour_embed.set_thumbnail(url="attachment://colour.png")
+
+        await ctx.send(file=thumbnail_file, embed=colour_embed)
+
+    @commands.group(aliases=("color",), invoke_without_command=True)
+    @whitelist_override(
+        channels=constants.WHITELISTED_CHANNELS,
+        roles=constants.STAFF_ROLES,
+        categories=[constants.Categories.development, constants.Categories.media]
+    )
+    async def colour(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, colour_input: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Create an embed that displays colour information.
+
+        If no subcommand is called, a randomly selected colour will be shown.
+        """
+        if colour_input is None:
+            await self.random(ctx)
+            return
+
+        try:
+            extra_colour = ImageColor.getrgb(colour_input)
+            await self.send_colour_response(ctx, extra_colour)
+        except ValueError:
+            await invoke_help_command(ctx)
+
+    @colour.command()
+    async def rgb(self, ctx: commands.Context, red: int, green: int, blue: int) -> None:
+        """Create an embed from an RGB input."""
+        if any(c not in range(256) for c in (red, green, blue)):
+            raise commands.BadArgument(
+                message=f"RGB values can only be from 0 to 255. User input was: `{red, green, blue}`."
+            )
+        rgb_tuple = (red, green, blue)
+        await self.send_colour_response(ctx, rgb_tuple)
+
+    @colour.command()
+    async def hsv(self, ctx: commands.Context, hue: int, saturation: int, value: int) -> None:
+        """Create an embed from an HSV input."""
+        if (hue not in range(361)) or any(c not in range(101) for c in (saturation, value)):
+            raise commands.BadArgument(
+                message="Hue can only be from 0 to 360. Saturation and Value can only be from 0 to 100. "
+                f"User input was: `{hue, saturation, value}`."
+            )
+        hsv_tuple = ImageColor.getrgb(f"hsv({hue}, {saturation}%, {value}%)")
+        await self.send_colour_response(ctx, hsv_tuple)
+
+    @colour.command()
+    async def hsl(self, ctx: commands.Context, hue: int, saturation: int, lightness: int) -> None:
+        """Create an embed from an HSL input."""
+        if (hue not in range(361)) or any(c not in range(101) for c in (saturation, lightness)):
+            raise commands.BadArgument(
+                message="Hue can only be from 0 to 360. Saturation and Lightness can only be from 0 to 100. "
+                f"User input was: `{hue, saturation, lightness}`."
+            )
+        hsl_tuple = ImageColor.getrgb(f"hsl({hue}, {saturation}%, {lightness}%)")
+        await self.send_colour_response(ctx, hsl_tuple)
+
+    @colour.command()
+    async def cmyk(self, ctx: commands.Context, cyan: int, magenta: int, yellow: int, key: int) -> None:
+        """Create an embed from a CMYK input."""
+        if any(c not in range(101) for c in (cyan, magenta, yellow, key)):
+            raise commands.BadArgument(
+                message=f"CMYK values can only be from 0 to 100. User input was: `{cyan, magenta, yellow, key}`."
+            )
+        r = round(255 * (1 - (cyan / 100)) * (1 - (key / 100)))
+        g = round(255 * (1 - (magenta / 100)) * (1 - (key / 100)))
+        b = round(255 * (1 - (yellow / 100)) * (1 - (key / 100)))
+        await self.send_colour_response(ctx, (r, g, b))
+
+    @colour.command()
+    async def hex(self, ctx: commands.Context, hex_code: str) -> None:
+        """Create an embed from a HEX input."""
+        if hex_code[0] != "#":
+            hex_code = f"#{hex_code}"
+
+        if len(hex_code) not in (4, 5, 7, 9) or any(digit not in string.hexdigits for digit in hex_code[1:]):
+            raise commands.BadArgument(
+                message=f"Cannot convert `{hex_code}` to a recognizable Hex format. "
+                "Hex values must be hexadecimal and take the form *#RRGGBB* or *#RGB*."
+            )
+
+        hex_tuple = ImageColor.getrgb(hex_code)
+        if len(hex_tuple) == 4:
+            hex_tuple = hex_tuple[:-1]  # Colour must be RGB. If RGBA, we remove the alpha value
+        await self.send_colour_response(ctx, hex_tuple)
+
+    @colour.command()
+    async def name(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, user_colour_name: str) -> None:
+        """Create an embed from a name input."""
+        hex_colour = self.match_colour_name(ctx, user_colour_name)
+        if hex_colour is None:
+            name_error_embed = discord.Embed(
+                title="No colour match found.",
+                description=f"No colour found for: `{user_colour_name}`",
+                colour=discord.Color.dark_red()
+            )
+            await ctx.send(embed=name_error_embed)
+            return
+        hex_tuple = ImageColor.getrgb(hex_colour)
+        await self.send_colour_response(ctx, hex_tuple)
+
+    @colour.command()
+    async def random(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
+        """Create an embed from a randomly chosen colour."""
+        hex_colour = random.choice(list(self.colour_mapping.values()))
+        hex_tuple = ImageColor.getrgb(f"#{hex_colour}")
+        await self.send_colour_response(ctx, hex_tuple)
+
+    def get_colour_conversions(self, rgb: tuple[int, int, int]) -> dict[str, str]:
+        """Create a dictionary mapping of colour types and their values."""
+        colour_name = self._rgb_to_name(rgb)
+        if colour_name is None:
+            colour_name = "No match found"
+        return {
+            "RGB": rgb,
+            "HSV": self._rgb_to_hsv(rgb),
+            "HSL": self._rgb_to_hsl(rgb),
+            "CMYK": self._rgb_to_cmyk(rgb),
+            "Hex": self._rgb_to_hex(rgb),
+            "Name": colour_name
+        }
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _rgb_to_hsv(rgb: tuple[int, int, int]) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
+        """Convert RGB values to HSV values."""
+        rgb_list = [val / 255 for val in rgb]
+        h, s, v = colorsys.rgb_to_hsv(*rgb_list)
+        hsv = (round(h * 360), round(s * 100), round(v * 100))
+        return hsv
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _rgb_to_hsl(rgb: tuple[int, int, int]) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
+        """Convert RGB values to HSL values."""
+        rgb_list = [val / 255.0 for val in rgb]
+        h, l, s = colorsys.rgb_to_hls(*rgb_list)
+        hsl = (round(h * 360), round(s * 100), round(l * 100))
+        return hsl
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _rgb_to_cmyk(rgb: tuple[int, int, int]) -> tuple[int, int, int, int]:
+        """Convert RGB values to CMYK values."""
+        rgb_list = [val / 255.0 for val in rgb]
+        if not any(rgb_list):
+            return 0, 0, 0, 100
+        k = 1 - max(rgb_list)
+        c = round((1 - rgb_list[0] - k) * 100 / (1 - k))
+        m = round((1 - rgb_list[1] - k) * 100 / (1 - k))
+        y = round((1 - rgb_list[2] - k) * 100 / (1 - k))
+        cmyk = (c, m, y, round(k * 100))
+        return cmyk
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _rgb_to_hex(rgb: tuple[int, int, int]) -> str:
+        """Convert RGB values to HEX code."""
+        hex_ = "".join([hex(val)[2:].zfill(2) for val in rgb])
+        hex_code = f"#{hex_}".upper()
+        return hex_code
+
+    def _rgb_to_name(self, rgb: tuple[int, int, int]) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Convert RGB values to a fuzzy matched name."""
+        input_hex_colour = self._rgb_to_hex(rgb)
+        try:
+            match, certainty, _ = rapidfuzz.process.extractOne(
+                query=input_hex_colour,
+                choices=self.colour_mapping.values(),
+                score_cutoff=80
+            )
+            colour_name = [name for name, hex_code in self.colour_mapping.items() if hex_code == match][0]
+        except TypeError:
+            colour_name = None
+        return colour_name
+
+    def match_colour_name(self, ctx: commands.Context, input_colour_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """Convert a colour name to HEX code."""
+        try:
+            match, certainty, _ = rapidfuzz.process.extractOne(
+                query=input_colour_name,
+                choices=self.colour_mapping.keys(),
+                score_cutoff=80
+            )
+        except (ValueError, TypeError):
+            return
+        return f"#{self.colour_mapping[match]}"
+
+
+def setup(bot: Bot) -> None:
+    """Load the Colour cog."""
+    bot.add_cog(Colour(bot))
diff --git a/bot/exts/utilities/issues.py b/bot/exts/utilities/issues.py
index 36655e1b..b6d5a43e 100644
--- a/bot/exts/utilities/issues.py
+++ b/bot/exts/utilities/issues.py
@@ -9,14 +9,7 @@ from discord.ext import commands
 
 from bot.bot import Bot
 from bot.constants import (
-    Categories,
-    Channels,
-    Colours,
-    ERROR_REPLIES,
-    Emojis,
-    NEGATIVE_REPLIES,
-    Tokens,
-    WHITELISTED_CHANNELS
+    Categories, Channels, Colours, ERROR_REPLIES, Emojis, NEGATIVE_REPLIES, Tokens, WHITELISTED_CHANNELS
 )
 from bot.utils.decorators import whitelist_override
 from bot.utils.extensions import invoke_help_command
diff --git a/bot/exts/utilities/latex.py b/bot/exts/utilities/latex.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 36c7e0ab..00000000
--- a/bot/exts/utilities/latex.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
-import asyncio
-import hashlib
-import pathlib
-import re
-from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor
-from io import BytesIO
-
-import discord
-import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
-from discord.ext import commands
-
-from bot.bot import Bot
-
-# configure fonts and colors for matplotlib
-plt.rcParams.update(
-    {
-        "font.size": 16,
-        "mathtext.fontset": "cm",  # Computer Modern font set
-        "mathtext.rm": "serif",
-        "figure.facecolor": "36393F",  # matches Discord's dark mode background color
-        "text.color": "white",
-    }
-)
-
-FORMATTED_CODE_REGEX = re.compile(
-    r"(?P<delim>(?P<block>```)|``?)"        # code delimiter: 1-3 backticks; (?P=block) only matches if it's a block
-    r"(?(block)(?:(?P<lang>[a-z]+)\n)?)"    # if we're in a block, match optional language (only letters plus newline)
-    r"(?:[ \t]*\n)*"                        # any blank (empty or tabs/spaces only) lines before the code
-    r"(?P<code>.*?)"                        # extract all code inside the markup
-    r"\s*"                                  # any more whitespace before the end of the code markup
-    r"(?P=delim)",                          # match the exact same delimiter from the start again
-    re.DOTALL | re.IGNORECASE,              # "." also matches newlines, case insensitive
-)
-
-CACHE_DIRECTORY = pathlib.Path("_latex_cache")
-CACHE_DIRECTORY.mkdir(exist_ok=True)
-
-
-class Latex(commands.Cog):
-    """Renders latex."""
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _render(text: str, filepath: pathlib.Path) -> BytesIO:
-        """
-        Return the rendered image if latex compiles without errors, otherwise raise a BadArgument Exception.
-
-        Saves rendered image to cache.
-        """
-        fig = plt.figure()
-        rendered_image = BytesIO()
-        fig.text(0, 1, text, horizontalalignment="left", verticalalignment="top")
-
-        try:
-            plt.savefig(rendered_image, bbox_inches="tight", dpi=600)
-        except ValueError as e:
-            raise commands.BadArgument(str(e))
-
-        rendered_image.seek(0)
-
-        with open(filepath, "wb") as f:
-            f.write(rendered_image.getbuffer())
-
-        return rendered_image
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def _prepare_input(text: str) -> str:
-        text = text.replace(r"\\", "$\n$")  # matplotlib uses \n for newlines, not \\
-
-        if match := FORMATTED_CODE_REGEX.match(text):
-            return match.group("code")
-        else:
-            return text
-
-    @commands.command()
-    @commands.max_concurrency(1, commands.BucketType.guild, wait=True)
-    async def latex(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, text: str) -> None:
-        """Renders the text in latex and sends the image."""
-        text = self._prepare_input(text)
-        query_hash = hashlib.md5(text.encode()).hexdigest()
-        image_path = CACHE_DIRECTORY.joinpath(f"{query_hash}.png")
-        async with ctx.typing():
-            if image_path.exists():
-                await ctx.send(file=discord.File(image_path))
-                return
-
-            with ThreadPoolExecutor() as pool:
-                image = await asyncio.get_running_loop().run_in_executor(
-                    pool, self._render, text, image_path
-                )
-
-            await ctx.send(file=discord.File(image, "latex.png"))
-
-
-def setup(bot: Bot) -> None:
-    """Load the Latex Cog."""
-    # As we have resource issues on this cog,
-    # we have it currently disabled while we fix it.
-    import logging
-    logging.info("Latex cog is currently disabled. It won't be loaded.")
-    return
-    bot.add_cog(Latex())
diff --git a/bot/exts/utilities/realpython.py b/bot/exts/utilities/realpython.py
index ef8b2638..bf8f1341 100644
--- a/bot/exts/utilities/realpython.py
+++ b/bot/exts/utilities/realpython.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import logging
 from html import unescape
+from typing import Optional
 from urllib.parse import quote_plus
 
 from discord import Embed
@@ -31,9 +32,18 @@ class RealPython(commands.Cog):
 
     @commands.command(aliases=["rp"])
     @commands.cooldown(1, 10, commands.cooldowns.BucketType.user)
-    async def realpython(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, user_search: str) -> None:
-        """Send 5 articles that match the user's search terms."""
-        params = {"q": user_search, "limit": 5, "kind": "article"}
+    async def realpython(self, ctx: commands.Context, amount: Optional[int] = 5, *, user_search: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Send some articles from RealPython that match the search terms.
+
+        By default the top 5 matches are sent, this can be overwritten to
+        a number between 1 and 5 by specifying an amount before the search query.
+        """
+        if not 1 <= amount <= 5:
+            await ctx.send("`amount` must be between 1 and 5 (inclusive).")
+            return
+
+        params = {"q": user_search, "limit": amount, "kind": "article"}
         async with self.bot.http_session.get(url=API_ROOT, params=params) as response:
             if response.status != 200:
                 logger.error(
diff --git a/bot/exts/utilities/wikipedia.py b/bot/exts/utilities/wikipedia.py
index c5283de0..e5e8e289 100644
--- a/bot/exts/utilities/wikipedia.py
+++ b/bot/exts/utilities/wikipedia.py
@@ -86,9 +86,7 @@ class WikipediaSearch(commands.Cog):
             )
             embed.set_thumbnail(url=WIKI_THUMBNAIL)
             embed.timestamp = datetime.utcnow()
-            await LinePaginator.paginate(
-                contents, ctx, embed
-            )
+            await LinePaginator.paginate(contents, ctx, embed, restrict_to_user=ctx.author)
         else:
             await ctx.send(
                 "Sorry, we could not find a wikipedia article using that search term."
diff --git a/bot/exts/utilities/wtf_python.py b/bot/exts/utilities/wtf_python.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..980b3dba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/exts/utilities/wtf_python.py
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+import logging
+import random
+import re
+from typing import Optional
+
+import rapidfuzz
+from discord import Embed, File
+from discord.ext import commands, tasks
+
+from bot import constants
+from bot.bot import Bot
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+WTF_PYTHON_RAW_URL = "http://raw.githubusercontent.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython/master/"
+BASE_URL = "https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython"
+LOGO_PATH = "./bot/resources/utilities/wtf_python_logo.jpg"
+
+ERROR_MESSAGE = f"""
+Unknown WTF Python Query. Please try to reformulate your query.
+
+**Examples**:
+```md
+{constants.Client.prefix}wtf wild imports
+{constants.Client.prefix}wtf subclass
+{constants.Client.prefix}wtf del
+```
+If the problem persists send a message in <#{constants.Channels.dev_contrib}>
+"""
+
+MINIMUM_CERTAINTY = 55
+
+
+class WTFPython(commands.Cog):
+    """Cog that allows getting WTF Python entries from the WTF Python repository."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bot: Bot):
+        self.bot = bot
+        self.headers: dict[str, str] = {}
+        self.fetch_readme.start()
+
+    @tasks.loop(minutes=60)
+    async def fetch_readme(self) -> None:
+        """Gets the content of README.md from the WTF Python Repository."""
+        async with self.bot.http_session.get(f"{WTF_PYTHON_RAW_URL}README.md") as resp:
+            log.trace("Fetching the latest WTF Python README.md")
+            if resp.status == 200:
+                raw = await resp.text()
+                self.parse_readme(raw)
+
+    def parse_readme(self, data: str) -> None:
+        """
+        Parses the README.md into a dict.
+
+        It parses the readme into the `self.headers` dict,
+        where the key is the heading and the value is the
+        link to the heading.
+        """
+        # Match the start of examples, until the end of the table of contents (toc)
+        table_of_contents = re.search(
+            r"\[👀 Examples\]\(#-examples\)\n([\w\W]*)<!-- tocstop -->", data
+        )[0].split("\n")
+
+        for header in list(map(str.strip, table_of_contents)):
+            match = re.search(r"\[▶ (.*)\]\((.*)\)", header)
+            if match:
+                hyper_link = match[0].split("(")[1].replace(")", "")
+                self.headers[match[0]] = f"{BASE_URL}/{hyper_link}"
+
+    def fuzzy_match_header(self, query: str) -> Optional[str]:
+        """
+        Returns the fuzzy match of a query if its ratio is above "MINIMUM_CERTAINTY" else returns None.
+
+        "MINIMUM_CERTAINTY" is the lowest score at which the fuzzy match will return a result.
+        The certainty returned by rapidfuzz.process.extractOne is a score between 0 and 100,
+        with 100 being a perfect match.
+        """
+        match, certainty, _ = rapidfuzz.process.extractOne(query, self.headers.keys())
+        return match if certainty > MINIMUM_CERTAINTY else None
+
+    @commands.command(aliases=("wtf", "WTF"))
+    async def wtf_python(self, ctx: commands.Context, *, query: Optional[str] = None) -> None:
+        """
+        Search WTF Python repository.
+
+        Gets the link of the fuzzy matched query from https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython.
+        Usage:
+            --> .wtf wild imports
+        """
+        if query is None:
+            no_query_embed = Embed(
+                title="WTF Python?!",
+                colour=constants.Colours.dark_green,
+                description="A repository filled with suprising snippets that can make you say WTF?!\n\n"
+                f"[Go to the Repository]({BASE_URL})"
+            )
+            logo = File(LOGO_PATH, filename="wtf_logo.jpg")
+            no_query_embed.set_thumbnail(url="attachment://wtf_logo.jpg")
+            await ctx.send(embed=no_query_embed, file=logo)
+            return
+
+        if len(query) > 50:
+            embed = Embed(
+                title=random.choice(constants.ERROR_REPLIES),
+                description=ERROR_MESSAGE,
+                colour=constants.Colours.soft_red,
+            )
+            match = None
+        else:
+            match = self.fuzzy_match_header(query)
+
+        if not match:
+            embed = Embed(
+                title=random.choice(constants.ERROR_REPLIES),
+                description=ERROR_MESSAGE,
+                colour=constants.Colours.soft_red,
+            )
+            await ctx.send(embed=embed)
+            return
+
+        embed = Embed(
+            title="WTF Python?!",
+            colour=constants.Colours.dark_green,
+            description=f"""Search result for '{query}': {match.split("]")[0].replace("[", "")}
+            [Go to Repository Section]({self.headers[match]})""",
+        )
+        logo = File(LOGO_PATH, filename="wtf_logo.jpg")
+        embed.set_thumbnail(url="attachment://wtf_logo.jpg")
+        await ctx.send(embed=embed, file=logo)
+
+    def cog_unload(self) -> None:
+        """Unload the cog and cancel the task."""
+        self.fetch_readme.cancel()
+
+
+def setup(bot: Bot) -> None:
+    """Load the WTFPython Cog."""
+    bot.add_cog(WTFPython(bot))