Merge branch 'master' into filter_reddit

8 files changed, 296 insertions, 552 deletions

diff --git a/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_base.py b/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_base.py
index 886c243cf..4953550f9 100644
--- a/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_base.py
+++ b/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_base.py
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
-import asyncio
 import unittest
 from unittest import mock
 
-import discord
 
-from bot import constants
 from bot.api import ResponseCodeError
-from bot.exts.backend.sync._syncers import Syncer, _Diff
+from bot.exts.backend.sync._syncers import Syncer
 from tests import helpers
 
 
@@ -30,280 +27,16 @@ class SyncerBaseTests(unittest.TestCase):
             Syncer(self.bot)
 
 
-class SyncerSendPromptTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
-    """Tests for sending the sync confirmation prompt."""
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.bot = helpers.MockBot()
-        self.syncer = TestSyncer(self.bot)
-
-    def mock_get_channel(self):
-        """Fixture to return a mock channel and message for when `get_channel` is used."""
-        self.bot.reset_mock()
-
-        mock_channel = helpers.MockTextChannel()
-        mock_message = helpers.MockMessage()
-
-        mock_channel.send.return_value = mock_message
-        self.bot.get_channel.return_value = mock_channel
-
-        return mock_channel, mock_message
-
-    def mock_fetch_channel(self):
-        """Fixture to return a mock channel and message for when `fetch_channel` is used."""
-        self.bot.reset_mock()
-
-        mock_channel = helpers.MockTextChannel()
-        mock_message = helpers.MockMessage()
-
-        self.bot.get_channel.return_value = None
-        mock_channel.send.return_value = mock_message
-        self.bot.fetch_channel.return_value = mock_channel
-
-        return mock_channel, mock_message
-
-    async def test_send_prompt_edits_and_returns_message(self):
-        """The given message should be edited to display the prompt and then should be returned."""
-        msg = helpers.MockMessage()
-        ret_val = await self.syncer._send_prompt(msg)
-
-        msg.edit.assert_called_once()
-        self.assertIn("content", msg.edit.call_args[1])
-        self.assertEqual(ret_val, msg)
-
-    async def test_send_prompt_gets_dev_core_channel(self):
-        """The dev-core channel should be retrieved if an extant message isn't given."""
-        subtests = (
-            (self.bot.get_channel, self.mock_get_channel),
-            (self.bot.fetch_channel, self.mock_fetch_channel),
-        )
-
-        for method, mock_ in subtests:
-            with self.subTest(method=method, msg=mock_.__name__):
-                mock_()
-                await self.syncer._send_prompt()
-
-                method.assert_called_once_with(constants.Channels.dev_core)
-
-    async def test_send_prompt_returns_none_if_channel_fetch_fails(self):
-        """None should be returned if there's an HTTPException when fetching the channel."""
-        self.bot.get_channel.return_value = None
-        self.bot.fetch_channel.side_effect = discord.HTTPException(mock.MagicMock(), "test error!")
-
-        ret_val = await self.syncer._send_prompt()
-
-        self.assertIsNone(ret_val)
-
-    async def test_send_prompt_sends_and_returns_new_message_if_not_given(self):
-        """A new message mentioning core devs should be sent and returned if message isn't given."""
-        for mock_ in (self.mock_get_channel, self.mock_fetch_channel):
-            with self.subTest(msg=mock_.__name__):
-                mock_channel, mock_message = mock_()
-                ret_val = await self.syncer._send_prompt()
-
-                mock_channel.send.assert_called_once()
-                self.assertIn(self.syncer._CORE_DEV_MENTION, mock_channel.send.call_args[0][0])
-                self.assertEqual(ret_val, mock_message)
-
-    async def test_send_prompt_adds_reactions(self):
-        """The message should have reactions for confirmation added."""
-        extant_message = helpers.MockMessage()
-        subtests = (
-            (extant_message, lambda: (None, extant_message)),
-            (None, self.mock_get_channel),
-            (None, self.mock_fetch_channel),
-        )
-
-        for message_arg, mock_ in subtests:
-            subtest_msg = "Extant message" if mock_.__name__ == "<lambda>" else mock_.__name__
-
-            with self.subTest(msg=subtest_msg):
-                _, mock_message = mock_()
-                await self.syncer._send_prompt(message_arg)
-
-                calls = [mock.call(emoji) for emoji in self.syncer._REACTION_EMOJIS]
-                mock_message.add_reaction.assert_has_calls(calls)
-
-
-class SyncerConfirmationTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
-    """Tests for waiting for a sync confirmation reaction on the prompt."""
-
-    def setUp(self):
-        self.bot = helpers.MockBot()
-        self.syncer = TestSyncer(self.bot)
-        self.core_dev_role = helpers.MockRole(id=constants.Roles.core_developers)
-
-    @staticmethod
-    def get_message_reaction(emoji):
-        """Fixture to return a mock message an reaction from the given `emoji`."""
-        message = helpers.MockMessage()
-        reaction = helpers.MockReaction(emoji=emoji, message=message)
-
-        return message, reaction
-
-    def test_reaction_check_for_valid_emoji_and_authors(self):
-        """Should return True if authors are identical or are a bot and a core dev, respectively."""
-        user_subtests = (
-            (
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77),
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77),
-                "identical users",
-            ),
-            (
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77, bot=True),
-                helpers.MockMember(id=43, roles=[self.core_dev_role]),
-                "bot author and core-dev reactor",
-            ),
-        )
-
-        for emoji in self.syncer._REACTION_EMOJIS:
-            for author, user, msg in user_subtests:
-                with self.subTest(author=author, user=user, emoji=emoji, msg=msg):
-                    message, reaction = self.get_message_reaction(emoji)
-                    ret_val = self.syncer._reaction_check(author, message, reaction, user)
-
-                    self.assertTrue(ret_val)
-
-    def test_reaction_check_for_invalid_reactions(self):
-        """Should return False for invalid reaction events."""
-        valid_emoji = self.syncer._REACTION_EMOJIS[0]
-        subtests = (
-            (
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77),
-                *self.get_message_reaction(valid_emoji),
-                helpers.MockMember(id=43, roles=[self.core_dev_role]),
-                "users are not identical",
-            ),
-            (
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77, bot=True),
-                *self.get_message_reaction(valid_emoji),
-                helpers.MockMember(id=43),
-                "reactor lacks the core-dev role",
-            ),
-            (
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77, bot=True, roles=[self.core_dev_role]),
-                *self.get_message_reaction(valid_emoji),
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77, bot=True, roles=[self.core_dev_role]),
-                "reactor is a bot",
-            ),
-            (
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77),
-                helpers.MockMessage(id=95),
-                helpers.MockReaction(emoji=valid_emoji, message=helpers.MockMessage(id=26)),
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77),
-                "messages are not identical",
-            ),
-            (
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77),
-                *self.get_message_reaction("InVaLiD"),
-                helpers.MockMember(id=77),
-                "emoji is invalid",
-            ),
-        )
-
-        for *args, msg in subtests:
-            kwargs = dict(zip(("author", "message", "reaction", "user"), args))
-            with self.subTest(**kwargs, msg=msg):
-                ret_val = self.syncer._reaction_check(*args)
-                self.assertFalse(ret_val)
-
-    async def test_wait_for_confirmation(self):
-        """The message should always be edited and only return True if the emoji is a check mark."""
-        subtests = (
-            (constants.Emojis.check_mark, True, None),
-            ("InVaLiD", False, None),
-            (None, False, asyncio.TimeoutError),
-        )
-
-        for emoji, ret_val, side_effect in subtests:
-            for bot in (True, False):
-                with self.subTest(emoji=emoji, ret_val=ret_val, side_effect=side_effect, bot=bot):
-                    # Set up mocks
-                    message = helpers.MockMessage()
-                    member = helpers.MockMember(bot=bot)
-
-                    self.bot.wait_for.reset_mock()
-                    self.bot.wait_for.return_value = (helpers.MockReaction(emoji=emoji), None)
-                    self.bot.wait_for.side_effect = side_effect
-
-                    # Call the function
-                    actual_return = await self.syncer._wait_for_confirmation(member, message)
-
-                    # Perform assertions
-                    self.bot.wait_for.assert_called_once()
-                    self.assertIn("reaction_add", self.bot.wait_for.call_args[0])
-
-                    message.edit.assert_called_once()
-                    kwargs = message.edit.call_args[1]
-                    self.assertIn("content", kwargs)
-
-                    # Core devs should only be mentioned if the author is a bot.
-                    if bot:
-                        self.assertIn(self.syncer._CORE_DEV_MENTION, kwargs["content"])
-                    else:
-                        self.assertNotIn(self.syncer._CORE_DEV_MENTION, kwargs["content"])
-
-                    self.assertIs(actual_return, ret_val)
-
-
 class SyncerSyncTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
     """Tests for main function orchestrating the sync."""
 
     def setUp(self):
         self.bot = helpers.MockBot(user=helpers.MockMember(bot=True))
         self.syncer = TestSyncer(self.bot)
+        self.guild = helpers.MockGuild()
 
-    async def test_sync_respects_confirmation_result(self):
-        """The sync should abort if confirmation fails and continue if confirmed."""
-        mock_message = helpers.MockMessage()
-        subtests = (
-            (True, mock_message),
-            (False, None),
-        )
-
-        for confirmed, message in subtests:
-            with self.subTest(confirmed=confirmed):
-                self.syncer._sync.reset_mock()
-                self.syncer._get_diff.reset_mock()
-
-                diff = _Diff({1, 2, 3}, {4, 5}, None)
-                self.syncer._get_diff.return_value = diff
-                self.syncer._get_confirmation_result = mock.AsyncMock(
-                    return_value=(confirmed, message)
-                )
-
-                guild = helpers.MockGuild()
-                await self.syncer.sync(guild)
-
-                self.syncer._get_diff.assert_called_once_with(guild)
-                self.syncer._get_confirmation_result.assert_called_once()
-
-                if confirmed:
-                    self.syncer._sync.assert_called_once_with(diff)
-                else:
-                    self.syncer._sync.assert_not_called()
-
-    async def test_sync_diff_size(self):
-        """The diff size should be correctly calculated."""
-        subtests = (
-            (6, _Diff({1, 2}, {3, 4}, {5, 6})),
-            (5, _Diff({1, 2, 3}, None, {4, 5})),
-            (0, _Diff(None, None, None)),
-            (0, _Diff(set(), set(), set())),
-        )
-
-        for size, diff in subtests:
-            with self.subTest(size=size, diff=diff):
-                self.syncer._get_diff.reset_mock()
-                self.syncer._get_diff.return_value = diff
-                self.syncer._get_confirmation_result = mock.AsyncMock(return_value=(False, None))
-
-                guild = helpers.MockGuild()
-                await self.syncer.sync(guild)
-
-                self.syncer._get_diff.assert_called_once_with(guild)
-                self.syncer._get_confirmation_result.assert_called_once()
-                self.assertEqual(self.syncer._get_confirmation_result.call_args[0][0], size)
+        # Make sure `_get_diff` returns a MagicMock, not an AsyncMock
+        self.syncer._get_diff.return_value = mock.MagicMock()
 
     async def test_sync_message_edited(self):
         """The message should be edited if one was sent, even if the sync has an API error."""
@@ -316,89 +49,25 @@ class SyncerSyncTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         for message, side_effect, should_edit in subtests:
             with self.subTest(message=message, side_effect=side_effect, should_edit=should_edit):
                 self.syncer._sync.side_effect = side_effect
-                self.syncer._get_confirmation_result = mock.AsyncMock(
-                    return_value=(True, message)
-                )
+                ctx = helpers.MockContext()
+                ctx.send.return_value = message
 
-                guild = helpers.MockGuild()
-                await self.syncer.sync(guild)
+                await self.syncer.sync(self.guild, ctx)
 
                 if should_edit:
                     message.edit.assert_called_once()
                     self.assertIn("content", message.edit.call_args[1])
 
-    async def test_sync_confirmation_context_redirect(self):
-        """If ctx is given, a new message should be sent and author should be ctx's author."""
-        mock_member = helpers.MockMember()
+    async def test_sync_message_sent(self):
+        """If ctx is given, a new message should be sent."""
         subtests = (
-            (None, self.bot.user, None),
-            (helpers.MockContext(author=mock_member), mock_member, helpers.MockMessage()),
+            (None, None),
+            (helpers.MockContext(), helpers.MockMessage()),
         )
 
-        for ctx, author, message in subtests:
-            with self.subTest(ctx=ctx, author=author, message=message):
-                if ctx is not None:
-                    ctx.send.return_value = message
-
-                # Make sure `_get_diff` returns a MagicMock, not an AsyncMock
-                self.syncer._get_diff.return_value = mock.MagicMock()
-
-                self.syncer._get_confirmation_result = mock.AsyncMock(return_value=(False, None))
-
-                guild = helpers.MockGuild()
-                await self.syncer.sync(guild, ctx)
+        for ctx, message in subtests:
+            with self.subTest(ctx=ctx, message=message):
+                await self.syncer.sync(self.guild, ctx)
 
                 if ctx is not None:
                     ctx.send.assert_called_once()
-
-                self.syncer._get_confirmation_result.assert_called_once()
-                self.assertEqual(self.syncer._get_confirmation_result.call_args[0][1], author)
-                self.assertEqual(self.syncer._get_confirmation_result.call_args[0][2], message)
-
-    @mock.patch.object(constants.Sync, "max_diff", new=3)
-    async def test_confirmation_result_small_diff(self):
-        """Should always return True and the given message if the diff size is too small."""
-        author = helpers.MockMember()
-        expected_message = helpers.MockMessage()
-
-        for size in (3, 2):  # pragma: no cover
-            with self.subTest(size=size):
-                self.syncer._send_prompt = mock.AsyncMock()
-                self.syncer._wait_for_confirmation = mock.AsyncMock()
-
-                coro = self.syncer._get_confirmation_result(size, author, expected_message)
-                result, actual_message = await coro
-
-                self.assertTrue(result)
-                self.assertEqual(actual_message, expected_message)
-                self.syncer._send_prompt.assert_not_called()
-                self.syncer._wait_for_confirmation.assert_not_called()
-
-    @mock.patch.object(constants.Sync, "max_diff", new=3)
-    async def test_confirmation_result_large_diff(self):
-        """Should return True if confirmed and False if _send_prompt fails or aborted."""
-        author = helpers.MockMember()
-        mock_message = helpers.MockMessage()
-
-        subtests = (
-            (True, mock_message, True, "confirmed"),
-            (False, None, False, "_send_prompt failed"),
-            (False, mock_message, False, "aborted"),
-        )
-
-        for expected_result, expected_message, confirmed, msg in subtests:  # pragma: no cover
-            with self.subTest(msg=msg):
-                self.syncer._send_prompt = mock.AsyncMock(return_value=expected_message)
-                self.syncer._wait_for_confirmation = mock.AsyncMock(return_value=confirmed)
-
-                coro = self.syncer._get_confirmation_result(4, author)
-                actual_result, actual_message = await coro
-
-                self.syncer._send_prompt.assert_called_once_with(None)  # message defaults to None
-                self.assertIs(actual_result, expected_result)
-                self.assertEqual(actual_message, expected_message)
-
-                if expected_message:
-                    self.syncer._wait_for_confirmation.assert_called_once_with(
-                        author, expected_message
-                    )
diff --git a/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_cog.py b/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_cog.py
index 1b89564f2..063a82754 100644
--- a/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_cog.py
+++ b/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_cog.py
@@ -392,14 +392,14 @@ class SyncCogCommandTests(SyncCogTestCase, CommandTestCase):
     async def test_sync_roles_command(self):
         """sync() should be called on the RoleSyncer."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext()
-        await self.cog.sync_roles_command.callback(self.cog, ctx)
+        await self.cog.sync_roles_command(self.cog, ctx)
 
         self.cog.role_syncer.sync.assert_called_once_with(ctx.guild, ctx)
 
     async def test_sync_users_command(self):
         """sync() should be called on the UserSyncer."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext()
-        await self.cog.sync_users_command.callback(self.cog, ctx)
+        await self.cog.sync_users_command(self.cog, ctx)
 
         self.cog.user_syncer.sync.assert_called_once_with(ctx.guild, ctx)
 
diff --git a/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_users.py b/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_users.py
index c0a1da35c..9f380a15d 100644
--- a/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_users.py
+++ b/tests/bot/exts/backend/sync/test_users.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import unittest
-from unittest import mock
 
-from bot.exts.backend.sync._syncers import UserSyncer, _Diff, _User
+from bot.exts.backend.sync._syncers import UserSyncer, _Diff
 from tests import helpers
 
 
@@ -10,7 +9,7 @@ def fake_user(**kwargs):
     kwargs.setdefault("id", 43)
     kwargs.setdefault("name", "bob the test man")
     kwargs.setdefault("discriminator", 1337)
-    kwargs.setdefault("roles", (666,))
+    kwargs.setdefault("roles", [666])
     kwargs.setdefault("in_guild", True)
 
     return kwargs
@@ -40,22 +39,42 @@ class UserSyncerDiffTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
 
         return guild
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def get_mock_member(member: dict):
+        member = member.copy()
+        del member["in_guild"]
+        mock_member = helpers.MockMember(**member)
+        mock_member.roles = [helpers.MockRole(id=role_id) for role_id in member["roles"]]
+        return mock_member
+
     async def test_empty_diff_for_no_users(self):
         """When no users are given, an empty diff should be returned."""
+        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = {
+            "count": 3,
+            "next_page_no": None,
+            "previous_page_no": None,
+            "results": []
+        }
         guild = self.get_guild()
 
         actual_diff = await self.syncer._get_diff(guild)
-        expected_diff = (set(), set(), None)
+        expected_diff = ([], [], None)
 
         self.assertEqual(actual_diff, expected_diff)
 
     async def test_empty_diff_for_identical_users(self):
         """No differences should be found if the users in the guild and DB are identical."""
-        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = [fake_user()]
+        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = {
+            "count": 3,
+            "next_page_no": None,
+            "previous_page_no": None,
+            "results": [fake_user()]
+        }
         guild = self.get_guild(fake_user())
 
+        guild.get_member.return_value = self.get_mock_member(fake_user())
         actual_diff = await self.syncer._get_diff(guild)
-        expected_diff = (set(), set(), None)
+        expected_diff = ([], [], None)
 
         self.assertEqual(actual_diff, expected_diff)
 
@@ -63,59 +82,102 @@ class UserSyncerDiffTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         """Only updated users should be added to the 'updated' set of the diff."""
         updated_user = fake_user(id=99, name="new")
 
-        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = [fake_user(id=99, name="old"), fake_user()]
+        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = {
+            "count": 3,
+            "next_page_no": None,
+            "previous_page_no": None,
+            "results": [fake_user(id=99, name="old"), fake_user()]
+        }
         guild = self.get_guild(updated_user, fake_user())
+        guild.get_member.side_effect = [
+            self.get_mock_member(updated_user),
+            self.get_mock_member(fake_user())
+        ]
 
         actual_diff = await self.syncer._get_diff(guild)
-        expected_diff = (set(), {_User(**updated_user)}, None)
+        expected_diff = ([], [{"id": 99, "name": "new"}], None)
 
         self.assertEqual(actual_diff, expected_diff)
 
     async def test_diff_for_new_users(self):
-        """Only new users should be added to the 'created' set of the diff."""
+        """Only new users should be added to the 'created' list of the diff."""
         new_user = fake_user(id=99, name="new")
 
-        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = [fake_user()]
+        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = {
+            "count": 3,
+            "next_page_no": None,
+            "previous_page_no": None,
+            "results": [fake_user()]
+        }
         guild = self.get_guild(fake_user(), new_user)
-
+        guild.get_member.side_effect = [
+            self.get_mock_member(fake_user()),
+            self.get_mock_member(new_user)
+        ]
         actual_diff = await self.syncer._get_diff(guild)
-        expected_diff = ({_User(**new_user)}, set(), None)
+        expected_diff = ([new_user], [], None)
 
         self.assertEqual(actual_diff, expected_diff)
 
     async def test_diff_sets_in_guild_false_for_leaving_users(self):
         """When a user leaves the guild, the `in_guild` flag is updated to `False`."""
-        leaving_user = fake_user(id=63, in_guild=False)
-
-        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = [fake_user(), fake_user(id=63)]
+        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = {
+            "count": 3,
+            "next_page_no": None,
+            "previous_page_no": None,
+            "results": [fake_user(), fake_user(id=63)]
+        }
         guild = self.get_guild(fake_user())
+        guild.get_member.side_effect = [
+            self.get_mock_member(fake_user()),
+            None
+        ]
 
         actual_diff = await self.syncer._get_diff(guild)
-        expected_diff = (set(), {_User(**leaving_user)}, None)
+        expected_diff = ([], [{"id": 63, "in_guild": False}], None)
 
         self.assertEqual(actual_diff, expected_diff)
 
     async def test_diff_for_new_updated_and_leaving_users(self):
         """When users are added, updated, and removed, all of them are returned properly."""
         new_user = fake_user(id=99, name="new")
+
         updated_user = fake_user(id=55, name="updated")
-        leaving_user = fake_user(id=63, in_guild=False)
 
-        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = [fake_user(), fake_user(id=55), fake_user(id=63)]
+        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = {
+            "count": 3,
+            "next_page_no": None,
+            "previous_page_no": None,
+            "results": [fake_user(), fake_user(id=55), fake_user(id=63)]
+        }
         guild = self.get_guild(fake_user(), new_user, updated_user)
+        guild.get_member.side_effect = [
+            self.get_mock_member(fake_user()),
+            self.get_mock_member(updated_user),
+            None
+        ]
 
         actual_diff = await self.syncer._get_diff(guild)
-        expected_diff = ({_User(**new_user)}, {_User(**updated_user), _User(**leaving_user)}, None)
+        expected_diff = ([new_user], [{"id": 55, "name": "updated"}, {"id": 63, "in_guild": False}], None)
 
         self.assertEqual(actual_diff, expected_diff)
 
     async def test_empty_diff_for_db_users_not_in_guild(self):
-        """When the DB knows a user the guild doesn't, no difference is found."""
-        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = [fake_user(), fake_user(id=63, in_guild=False)]
+        """When the DB knows a user, but the guild doesn't, no difference is found."""
+        self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = {
+            "count": 3,
+            "next_page_no": None,
+            "previous_page_no": None,
+            "results": [fake_user(), fake_user(id=63, in_guild=False)]
+        }
         guild = self.get_guild(fake_user())
+        guild.get_member.side_effect = [
+            self.get_mock_member(fake_user()),
+            None
+        ]
 
         actual_diff = await self.syncer._get_diff(guild)
-        expected_diff = (set(), set(), None)
+        expected_diff = ([], [], None)
 
         self.assertEqual(actual_diff, expected_diff)
 
@@ -131,13 +193,10 @@ class UserSyncerSyncTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         """Only POST requests should be made with the correct payload."""
         users = [fake_user(id=111), fake_user(id=222)]
 
-        user_tuples = {_User(**user) for user in users}
-        diff = _Diff(user_tuples, set(), None)
+        diff = _Diff(users, [], None)
         await self.syncer._sync(diff)
 
-        calls = [mock.call("bot/users", json=user) for user in users]
-        self.bot.api_client.post.assert_has_calls(calls, any_order=True)
-        self.assertEqual(self.bot.api_client.post.call_count, len(users))
+        self.bot.api_client.post.assert_called_once_with("bot/users", json=diff.created)
 
         self.bot.api_client.put.assert_not_called()
         self.bot.api_client.delete.assert_not_called()
@@ -146,13 +205,10 @@ class UserSyncerSyncTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         """Only PUT requests should be made with the correct payload."""
         users = [fake_user(id=111), fake_user(id=222)]
 
-        user_tuples = {_User(**user) for user in users}
-        diff = _Diff(set(), user_tuples, None)
+        diff = _Diff([], users, None)
         await self.syncer._sync(diff)
 
-        calls = [mock.call(f"bot/users/{user['id']}", json=user) for user in users]
-        self.bot.api_client.put.assert_has_calls(calls, any_order=True)
-        self.assertEqual(self.bot.api_client.put.call_count, len(users))
+        self.bot.api_client.patch.assert_called_once_with("bot/users/bulk_patch", json=diff.updated)
 
         self.bot.api_client.post.assert_not_called()
         self.bot.api_client.delete.assert_not_called()
diff --git a/tests/bot/exts/filters/test_token_remover.py b/tests/bot/exts/filters/test_token_remover.py
index a0ff8a877..f99cc3370 100644
--- a/tests/bot/exts/filters/test_token_remover.py
+++ b/tests/bot/exts/filters/test_token_remover.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from bot import constants
 from bot.exts.filters import token_remover
 from bot.exts.filters.token_remover import Token, TokenRemover
 from bot.exts.moderation.modlog import ModLog
+from bot.utils.messages import format_user
 from tests.helpers import MockBot, MockMessage, autospec
 
 
@@ -22,23 +23,25 @@ class TokenRemoverTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
 
         self.msg = MockMessage(id=555, content="hello world")
         self.msg.channel.mention = "#lemonade-stand"
+        self.msg.guild.get_member.return_value.bot = False
+        self.msg.guild.get_member.return_value.__str__.return_value = "Woody"
         self.msg.author.__str__ = MagicMock(return_value=self.msg.author.name)
         self.msg.author.avatar_url_as.return_value = "picture-lemon.png"
 
-    def test_is_valid_user_id_valid(self):
-        """Should consider user IDs valid if they decode entirely to ASCII digits."""
-        ids = (
-            "NDcyMjY1OTQzMDYyNDEzMzMy",
-            "NDc1MDczNjI5Mzk5NTQ3OTA0",
-            "NDY3MjIzMjMwNjUwNzc3NjQx",
+    def test_extract_user_id_valid(self):
+        """Should consider user IDs valid if they decode into an integer ID."""
+        id_pairs = (
+            ("NDcyMjY1OTQzMDYyNDEzMzMy", 472265943062413332),
+            ("NDc1MDczNjI5Mzk5NTQ3OTA0", 475073629399547904),
+            ("NDY3MjIzMjMwNjUwNzc3NjQx", 467223230650777641),
         )
 
-        for user_id in ids:
-            with self.subTest(user_id=user_id):
-                result = TokenRemover.is_valid_user_id(user_id)
-                self.assertTrue(result)
+        for token_id, user_id in id_pairs:
+            with self.subTest(token_id=token_id):
+                result = TokenRemover.extract_user_id(token_id)
+                self.assertEqual(result, user_id)
 
-    def test_is_valid_user_id_invalid(self):
+    def test_extract_user_id_invalid(self):
         """Should consider non-digit and non-ASCII IDs invalid."""
         ids = (
             ("SGVsbG8gd29ybGQ", "non-digit ASCII"),
@@ -52,8 +55,8 @@ class TokenRemoverTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
 
         for user_id, msg in ids:
             with self.subTest(msg=msg):
-                result = TokenRemover.is_valid_user_id(user_id)
-                self.assertFalse(result)
+                result = TokenRemover.extract_user_id(user_id)
+                self.assertIsNone(result)
 
     def test_is_valid_timestamp_valid(self):
         """Should consider timestamps valid if they're greater than the Discord epoch."""
@@ -85,6 +88,34 @@ class TokenRemoverTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
                 result = TokenRemover.is_valid_timestamp(timestamp)
                 self.assertFalse(result)
 
+    def test_is_valid_hmac_valid(self):
+        """Should consider an HMAC valid if it has at least 3 unique characters."""
+        valid_hmacs = (
+            "VXmErH7j511turNpfURmb0rVNm8",
+            "Ysnu2wacjaKs7qnoo46S8Dm2us8",
+            "sJf6omBPORBPju3WJEIAcwW9Zds",
+            "s45jqDV_Iisn-symw0yDRrk_jf4",
+        )
+
+        for hmac in valid_hmacs:
+            with self.subTest(msg=hmac):
+                result = TokenRemover.is_maybe_valid_hmac(hmac)
+                self.assertTrue(result)
+
+    def test_is_invalid_hmac_invalid(self):
+        """Should consider an HMAC invalid if has fewer than 3 unique characters."""
+        invalid_hmacs = (
+            ("xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", "Single character"),
+            ("XxXxXxXxXxXxXxXxXx", "Single character alternating case"),
+            ("ASFasfASFasfASFASsf", "Three characters alternating-case"),
+            ("asdasdasdasdasdasdasd", "Three characters one case"),
+        )
+
+        for hmac, msg in invalid_hmacs:
+            with self.subTest(msg=msg):
+                result = TokenRemover.is_maybe_valid_hmac(hmac)
+                self.assertFalse(result)
+
     def test_mod_log_property(self):
         """The `mod_log` property should ask the bot to return the `ModLog` cog."""
         self.bot.get_cog.return_value = 'lemon'
@@ -142,11 +173,18 @@ class TokenRemoverTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         self.assertIsNone(return_value)
         token_re.finditer.assert_called_once_with(self.msg.content)
 
-    @autospec(TokenRemover, "is_valid_user_id", "is_valid_timestamp")
+    @autospec(TokenRemover, "extract_user_id", "is_valid_timestamp", "is_maybe_valid_hmac")
     @autospec("bot.exts.filters.token_remover", "Token")
     @autospec("bot.exts.filters.token_remover", "TOKEN_RE")
-    def test_find_token_valid_match(self, token_re, token_cls, is_valid_id, is_valid_timestamp):
-        """The first match with a valid user ID and timestamp should be returned as a `Token`."""
+    def test_find_token_valid_match(
+        self,
+        token_re,
+        token_cls,
+        extract_user_id,
+        is_valid_timestamp,
+        is_maybe_valid_hmac,
+    ):
+        """The first match with a valid user ID, timestamp, and HMAC should be returned as a `Token`."""
         matches = [
             mock.create_autospec(Match, spec_set=True, instance=True),
             mock.create_autospec(Match, spec_set=True, instance=True),
@@ -158,23 +196,32 @@ class TokenRemoverTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
 
         token_re.finditer.return_value = matches
         token_cls.side_effect = tokens
-        is_valid_id.side_effect = (False, True)  # The 1st match will be invalid, 2nd one valid.
+        extract_user_id.side_effect = (None, True)  # The 1st match will be invalid, 2nd one valid.
         is_valid_timestamp.return_value = True
+        is_maybe_valid_hmac.return_value = True
 
         return_value = TokenRemover.find_token_in_message(self.msg)
 
         self.assertEqual(tokens[1], return_value)
         token_re.finditer.assert_called_once_with(self.msg.content)
 
-    @autospec(TokenRemover, "is_valid_user_id", "is_valid_timestamp")
+    @autospec(TokenRemover, "extract_user_id", "is_valid_timestamp", "is_maybe_valid_hmac")
     @autospec("bot.exts.filters.token_remover", "Token")
     @autospec("bot.exts.filters.token_remover", "TOKEN_RE")
-    def test_find_token_invalid_matches(self, token_re, token_cls, is_valid_id, is_valid_timestamp):
-        """None should be returned if no matches have valid user IDs or timestamps."""
+    def test_find_token_invalid_matches(
+        self,
+        token_re,
+        token_cls,
+        extract_user_id,
+        is_valid_timestamp,
+        is_maybe_valid_hmac,
+    ):
+        """None should be returned if no matches have valid user IDs, HMACs, and timestamps."""
         token_re.finditer.return_value = [mock.create_autospec(Match, spec_set=True, instance=True)]
         token_cls.return_value = mock.create_autospec(Token, spec_set=True, instance=True)
-        is_valid_id.return_value = False
+        extract_user_id.return_value = None
         is_valid_timestamp.return_value = False
+        is_maybe_valid_hmac.return_value = False
 
         return_value = TokenRemover.find_token_in_message(self.msg)
 
@@ -233,33 +280,82 @@ class TokenRemoverTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
     @autospec("bot.exts.filters.token_remover", "LOG_MESSAGE")
     def test_format_log_message(self, log_message):
         """Should correctly format the log message with info from the message and token."""
-        token = Token("NDY3MjIzMjMwNjUwNzc3NjQx", "XsySD_", "s45jqDV_Iisn-symw0yDRrk_jf4")
+        token = Token("NDcyMjY1OTQzMDYyNDEzMzMy", "XsySD_", "s45jqDV_Iisn-symw0yDRrk_jf4")
         log_message.format.return_value = "Howdy"
 
         return_value = TokenRemover.format_log_message(self.msg, token)
 
         self.assertEqual(return_value, log_message.format.return_value)
         log_message.format.assert_called_once_with(
-            author=self.msg.author,
-            author_id=self.msg.author.id,
+            author=format_user(self.msg.author),
             channel=self.msg.channel.mention,
             user_id=token.user_id,
             timestamp=token.timestamp,
             hmac="x" * len(token.hmac),
         )
 
+    @autospec("bot.exts.filters.token_remover", "UNKNOWN_USER_LOG_MESSAGE")
+    def test_format_userid_log_message_unknown(self, unknown_user_log_message):
+        """Should correctly format the user ID portion when the actual user it belongs to is unknown."""
+        token = Token("NDcyMjY1OTQzMDYyNDEzMzMy", "XsySD_", "s45jqDV_Iisn-symw0yDRrk_jf4")
+        unknown_user_log_message.format.return_value = " Partner"
+        msg = MockMessage(id=555, content="hello world")
+        msg.guild.get_member.return_value = None
+
+        return_value = TokenRemover.format_userid_log_message(msg, token)
+
+        self.assertEqual(return_value, (unknown_user_log_message.format.return_value, False))
+        unknown_user_log_message.format.assert_called_once_with(user_id=472265943062413332)
+
+    @autospec("bot.exts.filters.token_remover", "KNOWN_USER_LOG_MESSAGE")
+    def test_format_userid_log_message_bot(self, known_user_log_message):
+        """Should correctly format the user ID portion when the ID belongs to a known bot."""
+        token = Token("NDcyMjY1OTQzMDYyNDEzMzMy", "XsySD_", "s45jqDV_Iisn-symw0yDRrk_jf4")
+        known_user_log_message.format.return_value = " Partner"
+        msg = MockMessage(id=555, content="hello world")
+        msg.guild.get_member.return_value.__str__.return_value = "Sam"
+        msg.guild.get_member.return_value.bot = True
+
+        return_value = TokenRemover.format_userid_log_message(msg, token)
+
+        self.assertEqual(return_value, (known_user_log_message.format.return_value, False))
+
+        known_user_log_message.format.assert_called_once_with(
+            user_id=472265943062413332,
+            user_name="Sam",
+            kind="BOT",
+        )
+
+    @autospec("bot.exts.filters.token_remover", "KNOWN_USER_LOG_MESSAGE")
+    def test_format_log_message_user_token_user(self, user_token_message):
+        """Should correctly format the user ID portion when the ID belongs to a known user."""
+        token = Token("NDY3MjIzMjMwNjUwNzc3NjQx", "XsySD_", "s45jqDV_Iisn-symw0yDRrk_jf4")
+        user_token_message.format.return_value = "Partner"
+
+        return_value = TokenRemover.format_userid_log_message(self.msg, token)
+
+        self.assertEqual(return_value, (user_token_message.format.return_value, True))
+        user_token_message.format.assert_called_once_with(
+            user_id=467223230650777641,
+            user_name="Woody",
+            kind="USER",
+        )
+
     @mock.patch.object(TokenRemover, "mod_log", new_callable=mock.PropertyMock)
     @autospec("bot.exts.filters.token_remover", "log")
-    @autospec(TokenRemover, "format_log_message")
-    async def test_take_action(self, format_log_message, logger, mod_log_property):
+    @autospec(TokenRemover, "format_log_message", "format_userid_log_message")
+    async def test_take_action(self, format_log_message, format_userid_log_message, logger, mod_log_property):
         """Should delete the message and send a mod log."""
         cog = TokenRemover(self.bot)
         mod_log = mock.create_autospec(ModLog, spec_set=True, instance=True)
         token = mock.create_autospec(Token, spec_set=True, instance=True)
+        token.user_id = "no-id"
         log_msg = "testing123"
+        userid_log_message = "userid-log-message"
 
         mod_log_property.return_value = mod_log
         format_log_message.return_value = log_msg
+        format_userid_log_message.return_value = (userid_log_message, True)
 
         await cog.take_action(self.msg, token)
 
@@ -269,6 +365,7 @@ class TokenRemoverTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         )
 
         format_log_message.assert_called_once_with(self.msg, token)
+        format_userid_log_message.assert_called_once_with(self.msg, token)
         logger.debug.assert_called_with(log_msg)
         self.bot.stats.incr.assert_called_once_with("tokens.removed_tokens")
 
@@ -277,9 +374,10 @@ class TokenRemoverTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
             icon_url=constants.Icons.token_removed,
             colour=Colour(constants.Colours.soft_red),
             title="Token removed!",
-            text=log_msg,
+            text=log_msg + "\n" + userid_log_message,
             thumbnail=self.msg.author.avatar_url_as.return_value,
-            channel_id=constants.Channels.mod_alerts
+            channel_id=constants.Channels.mod_alerts,
+            ping_everyone=True,
         )
 
     @mock.patch.object(TokenRemover, "mod_log", new_callable=mock.PropertyMock)
diff --git a/tests/bot/exts/info/test_information.py b/tests/bot/exts/info/test_information.py
index ba8d5d608..daede54c5 100644
--- a/tests/bot/exts/info/test_information.py
+++ b/tests/bot/exts/info/test_information.py
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import asyncio
 import textwrap
 import unittest
 import unittest.mock
@@ -13,7 +12,7 @@ from tests import helpers
 COG_PATH = "bot.exts.info.information.Information"
 
 
-class InformationCogTests(unittest.TestCase):
+class InformationCogTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
     """Tests the Information cog."""
 
     @classmethod
@@ -29,16 +28,14 @@ class InformationCogTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.ctx = helpers.MockContext()
         self.ctx.author.roles.append(self.moderator_role)
 
-    def test_roles_command_command(self):
+    async def test_roles_command_command(self):
         """Test if the `role_info` command correctly returns the `moderator_role`."""
         self.ctx.guild.roles.append(self.moderator_role)
 
         self.cog.roles_info.can_run = unittest.mock.AsyncMock()
         self.cog.roles_info.can_run.return_value = True
 
-        coroutine = self.cog.roles_info.callback(self.cog, self.ctx)
-
-        self.assertIsNone(asyncio.run(coroutine))
+        self.assertIsNone(await self.cog.roles_info(self.cog, self.ctx))
         self.ctx.send.assert_called_once()
 
         _, kwargs = self.ctx.send.call_args
@@ -48,7 +45,7 @@ class InformationCogTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(embed.colour, discord.Colour.blurple())
         self.assertEqual(embed.description, f"\n`{self.moderator_role.id}` - {self.moderator_role.mention}\n")
 
-    def test_role_info_command(self):
+    async def test_role_info_command(self):
         """Tests the `role info` command."""
         dummy_role = helpers.MockRole(
             name="Dummy",
@@ -73,9 +70,7 @@ class InformationCogTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.cog.role_info.can_run = unittest.mock.AsyncMock()
         self.cog.role_info.can_run.return_value = True
 
-        coroutine = self.cog.role_info.callback(self.cog, self.ctx, dummy_role, admin_role)
-
-        self.assertIsNone(asyncio.run(coroutine))
+        self.assertIsNone(await self.cog.role_info(self.cog, self.ctx, dummy_role, admin_role))
 
         self.assertEqual(self.ctx.send.call_count, 2)
 
@@ -97,80 +92,8 @@ class InformationCogTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertEqual(admin_embed.title, "Admins info")
         self.assertEqual(admin_embed.colour, discord.Colour.red())
 
-    @unittest.mock.patch('bot.exts.info.information.time_since')
-    def test_server_info_command(self, time_since_patch):
-        time_since_patch.return_value = '2 days ago'
-
-        self.ctx.guild = helpers.MockGuild(
-            features=('lemons', 'apples'),
-            region="The Moon",
-            roles=[self.moderator_role],
-            channels=[
-                discord.TextChannel(
-                    state={},
-                    guild=self.ctx.guild,
-                    data={'id': 42, 'name': 'lemons-offering', 'position': 22, 'type': 'text'}
-                ),
-                discord.CategoryChannel(
-                    state={},
-                    guild=self.ctx.guild,
-                    data={'id': 5125, 'name': 'the-lemon-collection', 'position': 22, 'type': 'category'}
-                ),
-                discord.VoiceChannel(
-                    state={},
-                    guild=self.ctx.guild,
-                    data={'id': 15290, 'name': 'listen-to-lemon', 'position': 22, 'type': 'voice'}
-                )
-            ],
-            members=[
-                *(helpers.MockMember(status=discord.Status.online) for _ in range(2)),
-                *(helpers.MockMember(status=discord.Status.idle) for _ in range(1)),
-                *(helpers.MockMember(status=discord.Status.dnd) for _ in range(4)),
-                *(helpers.MockMember(status=discord.Status.offline) for _ in range(3)),
-            ],
-            member_count=1_234,
-            icon_url='a-lemon.jpg',
-        )
-
-        coroutine = self.cog.server_info.callback(self.cog, self.ctx)
-        self.assertIsNone(asyncio.run(coroutine))
-
-        time_since_patch.assert_called_once_with(self.ctx.guild.created_at, precision='days')
-        _, kwargs = self.ctx.send.call_args
-        embed = kwargs.pop('embed')
-        self.assertEqual(embed.colour, discord.Colour.blurple())
-        self.assertEqual(
-            embed.description,
-            textwrap.dedent(
-                f"""
-                **Server information**
-                Created: {time_since_patch.return_value}
-                Voice region: {self.ctx.guild.region}
-                Features: {', '.join(self.ctx.guild.features)}
-
-                **Channel counts**
-                Category channels: 1
-                Text channels: 1
-                Voice channels: 1
-                Staff channels: 0
-
-                **Member counts**
-                Members: {self.ctx.guild.member_count:,}
-                Staff members: 0
-                Roles: {len(self.ctx.guild.roles)}
-
-                **Member statuses**
-                {constants.Emojis.status_online} 2
-                {constants.Emojis.status_idle} 1
-                {constants.Emojis.status_dnd} 4
-                {constants.Emojis.status_offline} 3
-                """
-            )
-        )
-        self.assertEqual(embed.thumbnail.url, 'a-lemon.jpg')
-
 
-class UserInfractionHelperMethodTests(unittest.TestCase):
+class UserInfractionHelperMethodTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
     """Tests for the helper methods of the `!user` command."""
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -180,7 +103,7 @@ class UserInfractionHelperMethodTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.cog = information.Information(self.bot)
         self.member = helpers.MockMember(id=1234)
 
-    def test_user_command_helper_method_get_requests(self):
+    async def test_user_command_helper_method_get_requests(self):
         """The helper methods should form the correct get requests."""
         test_values = (
             {
@@ -202,11 +125,11 @@ class UserInfractionHelperMethodTests(unittest.TestCase):
             endpoint, params = test_value["expected_args"]
 
             with self.subTest(method=helper_method, endpoint=endpoint, params=params):
-                asyncio.run(helper_method(self.member))
+                await helper_method(self.member)
                 self.bot.api_client.get.assert_called_once_with(endpoint, params=params)
                 self.bot.api_client.get.reset_mock()
 
-    def _method_subtests(self, method, test_values, default_header):
+    async def _method_subtests(self, method, test_values, default_header):
         """Helper method that runs the subtests for the different helper methods."""
         for test_value in test_values:
             api_response = test_value["api response"]
@@ -216,11 +139,11 @@ class UserInfractionHelperMethodTests(unittest.TestCase):
                 self.bot.api_client.get.return_value = api_response
 
                 expected_output = "\n".join(expected_lines)
-                actual_output = asyncio.run(method(self.member))
+                actual_output = await method(self.member)
 
                 self.assertEqual((default_header, expected_output), actual_output)
 
-    def test_basic_user_infraction_counts_returns_correct_strings(self):
+    async def test_basic_user_infraction_counts_returns_correct_strings(self):
         """The method should correctly list both the total and active number of non-hidden infractions."""
         test_values = (
             # No infractions means zero counts
@@ -251,9 +174,9 @@ class UserInfractionHelperMethodTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
         header = "Infractions"
 
-        self._method_subtests(self.cog.basic_user_infraction_counts, test_values, header)
+        await self._method_subtests(self.cog.basic_user_infraction_counts, test_values, header)
 
-    def test_expanded_user_infraction_counts_returns_correct_strings(self):
+    async def test_expanded_user_infraction_counts_returns_correct_strings(self):
         """The method should correctly list the total and active number of all infractions split by infraction type."""
         test_values = (
             {
@@ -306,9 +229,9 @@ class UserInfractionHelperMethodTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
         header = "Infractions"
 
-        self._method_subtests(self.cog.expanded_user_infraction_counts, test_values, header)
+        await self._method_subtests(self.cog.expanded_user_infraction_counts, test_values, header)
 
-    def test_user_nomination_counts_returns_correct_strings(self):
+    async def test_user_nomination_counts_returns_correct_strings(self):
         """The method should list the number of active and historical nominations for the user."""
         test_values = (
             {
@@ -336,12 +259,12 @@ class UserInfractionHelperMethodTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
         header = "Nominations"
 
-        self._method_subtests(self.cog.user_nomination_counts, test_values, header)
+        await self._method_subtests(self.cog.user_nomination_counts, test_values, header)
 
 
 @unittest.mock.patch("bot.exts.info.information.time_since", new=unittest.mock.MagicMock(return_value="1 year ago"))
 @unittest.mock.patch("bot.exts.info.information.constants.MODERATION_CHANNELS", new=[50])
-class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
+class UserEmbedTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
     """Tests for the creation of the `!user` embed."""
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -354,14 +277,14 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         f"{COG_PATH}.basic_user_infraction_counts",
         new=unittest.mock.AsyncMock(return_value=("Infractions", "basic infractions"))
     )
-    def test_create_user_embed_uses_string_representation_of_user_in_title_if_nick_is_not_available(self):
+    async def test_create_user_embed_uses_string_representation_of_user_in_title_if_nick_is_not_available(self):
         """The embed should use the string representation of the user if they don't have a nick."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext(channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=1))
         user = helpers.MockMember()
         user.nick = None
         user.__str__ = unittest.mock.Mock(return_value="Mr. Hemlock")
 
-        embed = asyncio.run(self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user))
+        embed = await self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user)
 
         self.assertEqual(embed.title, "Mr. Hemlock")
 
@@ -369,14 +292,14 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         f"{COG_PATH}.basic_user_infraction_counts",
         new=unittest.mock.AsyncMock(return_value=("Infractions", "basic infractions"))
     )
-    def test_create_user_embed_uses_nick_in_title_if_available(self):
+    async def test_create_user_embed_uses_nick_in_title_if_available(self):
         """The embed should use the nick if it's available."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext(channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=1))
         user = helpers.MockMember()
         user.nick = "Cat lover"
         user.__str__ = unittest.mock.Mock(return_value="Mr. Hemlock")
 
-        embed = asyncio.run(self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user))
+        embed = await self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user)
 
         self.assertEqual(embed.title, "Cat lover (Mr. Hemlock)")
 
@@ -384,7 +307,7 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         f"{COG_PATH}.basic_user_infraction_counts",
         new=unittest.mock.AsyncMock(return_value=("Infractions", "basic infractions"))
     )
-    def test_create_user_embed_ignores_everyone_role(self):
+    async def test_create_user_embed_ignores_everyone_role(self):
         """Created `!user` embeds should not contain mention of the @everyone-role."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext(channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=1))
         admins_role = helpers.MockRole(name='Admins')
@@ -393,14 +316,18 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         # A `MockMember` has the @Everyone role by default; we add the Admins to that.
         user = helpers.MockMember(roles=[admins_role], top_role=admins_role)
 
-        embed = asyncio.run(self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user))
+        embed = await self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user)
 
         self.assertIn("&Admins", embed.fields[1].value)
         self.assertNotIn("&Everyone", embed.fields[1].value)
 
     @unittest.mock.patch(f"{COG_PATH}.expanded_user_infraction_counts", new_callable=unittest.mock.AsyncMock)
     @unittest.mock.patch(f"{COG_PATH}.user_nomination_counts", new_callable=unittest.mock.AsyncMock)
-    def test_create_user_embed_expanded_information_in_moderation_channels(self, nomination_counts, infraction_counts):
+    async def test_create_user_embed_expanded_information_in_moderation_channels(
+            self,
+            nomination_counts,
+            infraction_counts
+    ):
         """The embed should contain expanded infractions and nomination info in mod channels."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext(channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=50))
 
@@ -411,7 +338,7 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         nomination_counts.return_value = ("Nominations", "nomination info")
 
         user = helpers.MockMember(id=314, roles=[moderators_role], top_role=moderators_role)
-        embed = asyncio.run(self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user))
+        embed = await self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user)
 
         infraction_counts.assert_called_once_with(user)
         nomination_counts.assert_called_once_with(user)
@@ -434,7 +361,7 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         )
 
     @unittest.mock.patch(f"{COG_PATH}.basic_user_infraction_counts", new_callable=unittest.mock.AsyncMock)
-    def test_create_user_embed_basic_information_outside_of_moderation_channels(self, infraction_counts):
+    async def test_create_user_embed_basic_information_outside_of_moderation_channels(self, infraction_counts):
         """The embed should contain only basic infraction data outside of mod channels."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext(channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=100))
 
@@ -444,7 +371,7 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         infraction_counts.return_value = ("Infractions", "basic infractions info")
 
         user = helpers.MockMember(id=314, roles=[moderators_role], top_role=moderators_role)
-        embed = asyncio.run(self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user))
+        embed = await self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user)
 
         infraction_counts.assert_called_once_with(user)
 
@@ -467,14 +394,14 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
 
         self.assertEqual(
             "basic infractions info",
-            embed.fields[3].value
+            embed.fields[2].value
         )
 
     @unittest.mock.patch(
         f"{COG_PATH}.basic_user_infraction_counts",
         new=unittest.mock.AsyncMock(return_value=("Infractions", "basic infractions"))
     )
-    def test_create_user_embed_uses_top_role_colour_when_user_has_roles(self):
+    async def test_create_user_embed_uses_top_role_colour_when_user_has_roles(self):
         """The embed should be created with the colour of the top role, if a top role is available."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext()
 
@@ -482,7 +409,7 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         moderators_role.colour = 100
 
         user = helpers.MockMember(id=314, roles=[moderators_role], top_role=moderators_role)
-        embed = asyncio.run(self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user))
+        embed = await self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user)
 
         self.assertEqual(embed.colour, discord.Colour(moderators_role.colour))
 
@@ -490,12 +417,12 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         f"{COG_PATH}.basic_user_infraction_counts",
         new=unittest.mock.AsyncMock(return_value=("Infractions", "basic infractions"))
     )
-    def test_create_user_embed_uses_blurple_colour_when_user_has_no_roles(self):
+    async def test_create_user_embed_uses_blurple_colour_when_user_has_no_roles(self):
         """The embed should be created with a blurple colour if the user has no assigned roles."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext()
 
         user = helpers.MockMember(id=217)
-        embed = asyncio.run(self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user))
+        embed = await self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user)
 
         self.assertEqual(embed.colour, discord.Colour.blurple())
 
@@ -503,20 +430,20 @@ class UserEmbedTests(unittest.TestCase):
         f"{COG_PATH}.basic_user_infraction_counts",
         new=unittest.mock.AsyncMock(return_value=("Infractions", "basic infractions"))
     )
-    def test_create_user_embed_uses_png_format_of_user_avatar_as_thumbnail(self):
+    async def test_create_user_embed_uses_png_format_of_user_avatar_as_thumbnail(self):
         """The embed thumbnail should be set to the user's avatar in `png` format."""
         ctx = helpers.MockContext()
 
         user = helpers.MockMember(id=217)
         user.avatar_url_as.return_value = "avatar url"
-        embed = asyncio.run(self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user))
+        embed = await self.cog.create_user_embed(ctx, user)
 
         user.avatar_url_as.assert_called_once_with(static_format="png")
         self.assertEqual(embed.thumbnail.url, "avatar url")
 
 
 @unittest.mock.patch("bot.exts.info.information.constants")
-class UserCommandTests(unittest.TestCase):
+class UserCommandTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
     """Tests for the `!user` command."""
 
     def setUp(self):
@@ -532,76 +459,70 @@ class UserCommandTests(unittest.TestCase):
         self.moderator = helpers.MockMember(id=2, name="riffautae", roles=[self.moderator_role])
         self.target = helpers.MockMember(id=3, name="__fluzz__")
 
-    def test_regular_member_cannot_target_another_member(self, constants):
+        # There's no way to mock the channel constant without deferring imports. The constant is
+        # used as a default value for a parameter, which gets defined upon import.
+        self.bot_command_channel = helpers.MockTextChannel(id=constants.Channels.bot_commands)
+
+    async def test_regular_member_cannot_target_another_member(self, constants):
         """A regular user should not be able to use `!user` targeting another user."""
         constants.MODERATION_ROLES = [self.moderator_role.id]
-
         ctx = helpers.MockContext(author=self.author)
 
-        asyncio.run(self.cog.user_info.callback(self.cog, ctx, self.target))
+        await self.cog.user_info(self.cog, ctx, self.target)
 
         ctx.send.assert_called_once_with("You may not use this command on users other than yourself.")
 
-    def test_regular_member_cannot_use_command_outside_of_bot_commands(self, constants):
+    async def test_regular_member_cannot_use_command_outside_of_bot_commands(self, constants):
         """A regular user should not be able to use this command outside of bot-commands."""
         constants.MODERATION_ROLES = [self.moderator_role.id]
         constants.STAFF_ROLES = [self.moderator_role.id]
-        constants.Channels.bot_commands = 50
-
         ctx = helpers.MockContext(author=self.author, channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=100))
 
         msg = "Sorry, but you may only use this command within <#50>."
         with self.assertRaises(InWhitelistCheckFailure, msg=msg):
-            asyncio.run(self.cog.user_info.callback(self.cog, ctx))
+            await self.cog.user_info(self.cog, ctx)
 
     @unittest.mock.patch("bot.exts.info.information.Information.create_user_embed")
-    def test_regular_user_may_use_command_in_bot_commands_channel(self, create_embed, constants):
+    async def test_regular_user_may_use_command_in_bot_commands_channel(self, create_embed, constants):
         """A regular user should be allowed to use `!user` targeting themselves in bot-commands."""
         constants.STAFF_ROLES = [self.moderator_role.id]
-        constants.Channels.bot_commands = 50
+        ctx = helpers.MockContext(author=self.author, channel=self.bot_command_channel)
 
-        ctx = helpers.MockContext(author=self.author, channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=50))
-
-        asyncio.run(self.cog.user_info.callback(self.cog, ctx))
+        await self.cog.user_info(self.cog, ctx)
 
         create_embed.assert_called_once_with(ctx, self.author)
         ctx.send.assert_called_once()
 
     @unittest.mock.patch("bot.exts.info.information.Information.create_user_embed")
-    def test_regular_user_can_explicitly_target_themselves(self, create_embed, constants):
+    async def test_regular_user_can_explicitly_target_themselves(self, create_embed, _):
         """A user should target itself with `!user` when a `user` argument was not provided."""
         constants.STAFF_ROLES = [self.moderator_role.id]
-        constants.Channels.bot_commands = 50
-
-        ctx = helpers.MockContext(author=self.author, channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=50))
+        ctx = helpers.MockContext(author=self.author, channel=self.bot_command_channel)
 
-        asyncio.run(self.cog.user_info.callback(self.cog, ctx, self.author))
+        await self.cog.user_info(self.cog, ctx, self.author)
 
         create_embed.assert_called_once_with(ctx, self.author)
         ctx.send.assert_called_once()
 
     @unittest.mock.patch("bot.exts.info.information.Information.create_user_embed")
-    def test_staff_members_can_bypass_channel_restriction(self, create_embed, constants):
+    async def test_staff_members_can_bypass_channel_restriction(self, create_embed, constants):
         """Staff members should be able to bypass the bot-commands channel restriction."""
         constants.STAFF_ROLES = [self.moderator_role.id]
-        constants.Channels.bot_commands = 50
-
         ctx = helpers.MockContext(author=self.moderator, channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=200))
 
-        asyncio.run(self.cog.user_info.callback(self.cog, ctx))
+        await self.cog.user_info(self.cog, ctx)
 
         create_embed.assert_called_once_with(ctx, self.moderator)
         ctx.send.assert_called_once()
 
     @unittest.mock.patch("bot.exts.info.information.Information.create_user_embed")
-    def test_moderators_can_target_another_member(self, create_embed, constants):
+    async def test_moderators_can_target_another_member(self, create_embed, constants):
         """A moderator should be able to use `!user` targeting another user."""
         constants.MODERATION_ROLES = [self.moderator_role.id]
         constants.STAFF_ROLES = [self.moderator_role.id]
-
         ctx = helpers.MockContext(author=self.moderator, channel=helpers.MockTextChannel(id=50))
 
-        asyncio.run(self.cog.user_info.callback(self.cog, ctx, self.target))
+        await self.cog.user_info(self.cog, ctx, self.target)
 
         create_embed.assert_called_once_with(ctx, self.target)
         ctx.send.assert_called_once()
diff --git a/tests/bot/exts/moderation/test_silence.py b/tests/bot/exts/moderation/test_silence.py
index e2d44c637..3c2d52ae0 100644
--- a/tests/bot/exts/moderation/test_silence.py
+++ b/tests/bot/exts/moderation/test_silence.py
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ class SilenceTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
                 starting_unsilenced_state=_silence_patch_return
             ):
                 with mock.patch.object(self.cog, "_silence", return_value=_silence_patch_return):
-                    await self.cog.silence.callback(self.cog, self.ctx, duration)
+                    await self.cog.silence(self.cog, self.ctx, duration)
                     self.ctx.send.assert_called_once_with(result_message)
             self.ctx.reset_mock()
 
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ class SilenceTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
                 result_message=result_message
             ):
                 with mock.patch.object(self.cog, "_unsilence", return_value=_unsilence_patch_return):
-                    await self.cog.unsilence.callback(self.cog, self.ctx)
+                    await self.cog.unsilence(self.cog, self.ctx)
                     self.ctx.send.assert_called_once_with(result_message)
             self.ctx.reset_mock()
 
diff --git a/tests/bot/exts/utils/test_snekbox.py b/tests/bot/exts/utils/test_snekbox.py
index 40b2202aa..6601fad2c 100644
--- a/tests/bot/exts/utils/test_snekbox.py
+++ b/tests/bot/exts/utils/test_snekbox.py
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ class SnekboxTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         self.cog.send_eval = AsyncMock(return_value=response)
         self.cog.continue_eval = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
 
-        await self.cog.eval_command.callback(self.cog, ctx=ctx, code='MyAwesomeCode')
+        await self.cog.eval_command(self.cog, ctx=ctx, code='MyAwesomeCode')
         self.cog.prepare_input.assert_called_once_with('MyAwesomeCode')
         self.cog.send_eval.assert_called_once_with(ctx, 'MyAwesomeFormattedCode')
         self.cog.continue_eval.assert_called_once_with(ctx, response)
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ class SnekboxTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         self.cog.continue_eval = AsyncMock()
         self.cog.continue_eval.side_effect = ('MyAwesomeCode-2', None)
 
-        await self.cog.eval_command.callback(self.cog, ctx=ctx, code='MyAwesomeCode')
+        await self.cog.eval_command(self.cog, ctx=ctx, code='MyAwesomeCode')
         self.cog.prepare_input.has_calls(call('MyAwesomeCode'), call('MyAwesomeCode-2'))
         self.cog.send_eval.assert_called_with(ctx, 'MyAwesomeFormattedCode')
         self.cog.continue_eval.assert_called_with(ctx, response)
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ class SnekboxTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
         ctx.author.mention = '@LemonLemonishBeard#0042'
         ctx.send = AsyncMock()
         self.cog.jobs = (42,)
-        await self.cog.eval_command.callback(self.cog, ctx=ctx, code='MyAwesomeCode')
+        await self.cog.eval_command(self.cog, ctx=ctx, code='MyAwesomeCode')
         ctx.send.assert_called_once_with(
             "@LemonLemonishBeard#0042 You've already got a job running - please wait for it to finish!"
         )
@@ -188,8 +188,8 @@ class SnekboxTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
     async def test_eval_command_call_help(self):
         """Test if the eval command call the help command if no code is provided."""
         ctx = MockContext(command="sentinel")
-        await self.cog.eval_command.callback(self.cog, ctx=ctx, code='')
-        ctx.send_help.assert_called_once_with("sentinel")
+        await self.cog.eval_command(self.cog, ctx=ctx, code='')
+        ctx.send_help.assert_called_once_with(ctx.command)
 
     async def test_send_eval(self):
         """Test the send_eval function."""
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ class SnekboxTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
             )
         )
         ctx.message.add_reaction.assert_called_once_with(snekbox.REEVAL_EMOJI)
-        ctx.message.clear_reactions.assert_called_once()
+        ctx.message.clear_reaction.assert_called_once_with(snekbox.REEVAL_EMOJI)
         response.delete.assert_called_once()
 
     async def test_continue_eval_does_not_continue(self):
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ class SnekboxTests(unittest.IsolatedAsyncioTestCase):
 
         actual = await self.cog.continue_eval(ctx, MockMessage())
         self.assertEqual(actual, None)
-        ctx.message.clear_reactions.assert_called_once()
+        ctx.message.clear_reaction.assert_called_once_with(snekbox.REEVAL_EMOJI)
 
     async def test_get_code(self):
         """Should return 1st arg (or None) if eval cmd in message, otherwise return full content."""
diff --git a/tests/bot/patches/__init__.py b/tests/bot/patches/__init__.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29bb..000000000
--- a/tests/bot/patches/__init__.py
+++ /dev/null