Merge branch 'master' into partnerzodiac

19 files changed, 569 insertions, 121 deletions

diff --git a/bot/__main__.py b/bot/__main__.py
index 0ffd6143..cd2d43a9 100644
--- a/bot/__main__.py
+++ b/bot/__main__.py
@@ -5,8 +5,9 @@ from sentry_sdk.integrations.logging import LoggingIntegration
 
 from bot.bot import bot
 from bot.constants import Client, STAFF_ROLES, WHITELISTED_CHANNELS
-from bot.exts import walk_extensions
 from bot.utils.decorators import in_channel_check
+from bot.utils.extensions import walk_extensions
+
 
 sentry_logging = LoggingIntegration(
     level=logging.DEBUG,
diff --git a/bot/constants.py b/bot/constants.py
index 7c8f72cb..7ec8ac27 100644
--- a/bot/constants.py
+++ b/bot/constants.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ __all__ = (
     "Client",
     "Colours",
     "Emojis",
-    "Hacktoberfest",
     "Icons",
     "Lovefest",
     "Month",
@@ -75,7 +74,7 @@ class Channels(NamedTuple):
     python_discussion = 267624335836053506
     show_your_projects = int(environ.get("CHANNEL_SHOW_YOUR_PROJECTS", 303934982764625920))
     show_your_projects_discussion = 360148304664723466
-    hacktoberfest_2019 = 628184417646411776
+    hacktoberfest_2020 = 760857070781071431
 
 
 class Client(NamedTuple):
@@ -84,6 +83,7 @@ class Client(NamedTuple):
     token = environ.get("SEASONALBOT_TOKEN")
     sentry_dsn = environ.get("SEASONALBOT_SENTRY_DSN")
     debug = environ.get("SEASONALBOT_DEBUG", "").lower() == "true"
+    github_bot_repo = "https://github.com/python-discord/seasonalbot"
     # Override seasonal locks: 1 (January) to 12 (December)
     month_override = int(environ["MONTH_OVERRIDE"]) if "MONTH_OVERRIDE" in environ else None
 
@@ -122,9 +122,10 @@ class Emojis:
     pull_request_closed = "<:PRClosed:629695470519713818>"
     merge = "<:PRMerged:629695470570176522>"
 
-
-class Hacktoberfest(NamedTuple):
-    voice_id = 514420006474219521
+    status_online = "<:status_online:470326272351010816>"
+    status_idle = "<:status_idle:470326266625785866>"
+    status_dnd = "<:status_dnd:470326272082313216>"
+    status_offline = "<:status_offline:470326266537705472>"
 
 
 class Icons:
@@ -177,6 +178,7 @@ class Roles(NamedTuple):
     verified = 352427296948486144
     helpers = 267630620367257601
     rockstars = 458226413825294336
+    core_developers = 587606783669829632
 
 
 class Tokens(NamedTuple):
diff --git a/bot/exts/__init__.py b/bot/exts/__init__.py
index 25deb9af..13f484ac 100644
--- a/bot/exts/__init__.py
+++ b/bot/exts/__init__.py
@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 import logging
 import pkgutil
-from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Iterator
 
-__all__ = ("get_package_names", "walk_extensions")
+__all__ = ("get_package_names",)
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -13,23 +12,3 @@ def get_package_names() -> Iterator[str]:
     for package in pkgutil.iter_modules(__path__):
         if package.ispkg:
             yield package.name
-
-
-def walk_extensions() -> Iterator[str]:
-    """
-    Iterate dot-separated paths to all extensions.
-
-    The strings are formatted in a way such that the bot's `load_extension`
-    method can take them. Use this to load all available extensions.
-
-    This intentionally doesn't make use of pkgutil's `walk_packages`, as we only
-    want to build paths to extensions - not recursively all modules. For some
-    extensions, the `setup` function is in the package's __init__ file, while
-    modules nested under the package are only helpers. Constructing the paths
-    ourselves serves our purpose better.
-    """
-    base_path = Path(__path__[0])
-
-    for package in get_package_names():
-        for extension in pkgutil.iter_modules([base_path.joinpath(package)]):
-            yield f"bot.exts.{package}.{extension.name}"
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/8bitify.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/8bitify.py
index 60062fc1..c048d9bf 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/8bitify.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/8bitify.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ class EightBitify(commands.Cog):
     @staticmethod
     def pixelate(image: Image) -> Image:
         """Takes an image and pixelates it."""
-        return image.resize((32, 32)).resize((1024, 1024))
+        return image.resize((32, 32), resample=Image.NEAREST).resize((1024, 1024), resample=Image.NEAREST)
 
     @staticmethod
     def quantize(image: Image) -> Image:
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/bookmark.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/bookmark.py
index 73908702..5fa05d2e 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/bookmark.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/bookmark.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import discord
 from discord.ext import commands
 
 from bot.constants import Colours, ERROR_REPLIES, Emojis, Icons
+from bot.utils.converters import WrappedMessageConverter
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
@@ -19,7 +20,7 @@ class Bookmark(commands.Cog):
     async def bookmark(
         self,
         ctx: commands.Context,
-        target_message: discord.Message,
+        target_message: WrappedMessageConverter,
         *,
         title: str = "Bookmark"
     ) -> None:
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/__init__.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/__init__.py
index 2eae2751..bc42f0c2 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/__init__.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/__init__.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import logging
 
 from discord.ext import commands
 
-from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes.snakes_cog import Snakes
+from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes._snakes_cog import Snakes
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/converter.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_converter.py
index 55609b8e..eee248cf 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/converter.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_converter.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import discord
 from discord.ext.commands import Context, Converter
 from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz
 
-from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes.utils import SNAKE_RESOURCES
+from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes._utils import SNAKE_RESOURCES
 from bot.utils import disambiguate
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/snakes_cog.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_snakes_cog.py
index 9bbad9fe..a846274b 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/snakes_cog.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_snakes_cog.py
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ from discord import Colour, Embed, File, Member, Message, Reaction
 from discord.ext.commands import BadArgument, Bot, Cog, CommandError, Context, bot_has_permissions, group
 
 from bot.constants import ERROR_REPLIES, Tokens
-from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes import utils
-from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes.converter import Snake
+from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes import _utils as utils
+from bot.exts.evergreen.snakes._converter import Snake
 from bot.utils.decorators import locked
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/utils.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_utils.py
index 7d6caf04..7d6caf04 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/utils.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/snakes/_utils.py
diff --git a/bot/exts/evergreen/wikipedia.py b/bot/exts/evergreen/wikipedia.py
index c1fff873..be36e2c4 100644
--- a/bot/exts/evergreen/wikipedia.py
+++ b/bot/exts/evergreen/wikipedia.py
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 import asyncio
 import datetime
 import logging
-from typing import List
+from typing import List, Optional
 
+from aiohttp import client_exceptions
 from discord import Color, Embed, Message
 from discord.ext import commands
 
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ SEARCH_API = "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=query&list=search&srsear
 WIKIPEDIA_URL = "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/{title}"
 
 
-class WikipediaCog(commands.Cog):
+class WikipediaSearch(commands.Cog):
     """Get info from wikipedia."""
 
     def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot):
@@ -26,20 +27,22 @@ class WikipediaCog(commands.Cog):
         """Formating wikipedia link with index and title."""
         return f'`{index}` [{title}]({WIKIPEDIA_URL.format(title=title.replace(" ", "_"))})'
 
-    async def search_wikipedia(self, search_term: str) -> List[str]:
+    async def search_wikipedia(self, search_term: str) -> Optional[List[str]]:
         """Search wikipedia and return the first 10 pages found."""
-        async with self.http_session.get(SEARCH_API.format(search_term=search_term)) as response:
-            data = await response.json()
-
         pages = []
+        async with self.http_session.get(SEARCH_API.format(search_term=search_term)) as response:
+            try:
+                data = await response.json()
 
-        search_results = data["query"]["search"]
+                search_results = data["query"]["search"]
 
-        # Ignore pages with "may refer to"
-        for search_result in search_results:
-            log.info("trying to append titles")
-            if "may refer to" not in search_result["snippet"]:
-                pages.append(search_result["title"])
+                # Ignore pages with "may refer to"
+                for search_result in search_results:
+                    log.info("trying to append titles")
+                    if "may refer to" not in search_result["snippet"]:
+                        pages.append(search_result["title"])
+            except client_exceptions.ContentTypeError:
+                pages = None
 
         log.info("Finished appending titles")
         return pages
@@ -108,4 +111,4 @@ class WikipediaCog(commands.Cog):
 
 def setup(bot: commands.Bot) -> None:
     """Wikipedia Cog load."""
-    bot.add_cog(WikipediaCog(bot))
+    bot.add_cog(WikipediaSearch(bot))
diff --git a/bot/exts/halloween/hacktober-issue-finder.py b/bot/exts/halloween/hacktober-issue-finder.py
index b5ad1c4f..78acf391 100644
--- a/bot/exts/halloween/hacktober-issue-finder.py
+++ b/bot/exts/halloween/hacktober-issue-finder.py
@@ -7,13 +7,19 @@ import aiohttp
 import discord
 from discord.ext import commands
 
-from bot.constants import Month
+from bot.constants import Month, Tokens
 from bot.utils.decorators import in_month
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 URL = "https://api.github.com/search/issues?per_page=100&q=is:issue+label:hacktoberfest+language:python+state:open"
-HEADERS = {"Accept": "application / vnd.github.v3 + json"}
+
+REQUEST_HEADERS = {
+    "User-Agent": "Python Discord Hacktoberbot",
+    "Accept": "application / vnd.github.v3 + json"
+}
+if GITHUB_TOKEN := Tokens.github:
+    REQUEST_HEADERS["Authorization"] = f"token {GITHUB_TOKEN}"
 
 
 class HacktoberIssues(commands.Cog):
@@ -66,7 +72,7 @@ class HacktoberIssues(commands.Cog):
                     url += f"&page={page}"
 
             log.debug(f"making api request to url: {url}")
-            async with session.get(url, headers=HEADERS) as response:
+            async with session.get(url, headers=REQUEST_HEADERS) as response:
                 if response.status != 200:
                     log.error(f"expected 200 status (got {response.status}) from the GitHub api.")
                     await ctx.send(f"ERROR: expected 200 status (got {response.status}) from the GitHub api.")
diff --git a/bot/exts/halloween/hacktoberstats.py b/bot/exts/halloween/hacktoberstats.py
index db5e37f2..ed1755e3 100644
--- a/bot/exts/halloween/hacktoberstats.py
+++ b/bot/exts/halloween/hacktoberstats.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import aiohttp
 import discord
 from discord.ext import commands
 
-from bot.constants import Channels, Month, WHITELISTED_CHANNELS
+from bot.constants import Channels, Month, Tokens, WHITELISTED_CHANNELS
 from bot.utils.decorators import in_month, override_in_channel
 from bot.utils.persist import make_persistent
 
@@ -18,7 +18,16 @@ log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 CURRENT_YEAR = datetime.now().year  # Used to construct GH API query
 PRS_FOR_SHIRT = 4  # Minimum number of PRs before a shirt is awarded
-HACKTOBER_WHITELIST = WHITELISTED_CHANNELS + (Channels.hacktoberfest_2019,)
+HACKTOBER_WHITELIST = WHITELISTED_CHANNELS + (Channels.hacktoberfest_2020,)
+
+REQUEST_HEADERS = {"User-Agent": "Python Discord Hacktoberbot"}
+if GITHUB_TOKEN := Tokens.github:
+    REQUEST_HEADERS["Authorization"] = f"token {GITHUB_TOKEN}"
+
+GITHUB_NONEXISTENT_USER_MESSAGE = (
+    "The listed users cannot be searched either because the users do not exist "
+    "or you do not have permission to view the users."
+)
 
 
 class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
@@ -29,7 +38,7 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
         self.link_json = make_persistent(Path("bot", "resources", "halloween", "github_links.json"))
         self.linked_accounts = self.load_linked_users()
 
-    @in_month(Month.OCTOBER)
+    @in_month(Month.SEPTEMBER, Month.OCTOBER, Month.NOVEMBER)
     @commands.group(name="hacktoberstats", aliases=("hackstats",), invoke_without_command=True)
     @override_in_channel(HACKTOBER_WHITELIST)
     async def hacktoberstats_group(self, ctx: commands.Context, github_username: str = None) -> None:
@@ -57,7 +66,7 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
 
         await self.get_stats(ctx, github_username)
 
-    @in_month(Month.OCTOBER)
+    @in_month(Month.SEPTEMBER, Month.OCTOBER, Month.NOVEMBER)
     @hacktoberstats_group.command(name="link")
     @override_in_channel(HACKTOBER_WHITELIST)
     async def link_user(self, ctx: commands.Context, github_username: str = None) -> None:
@@ -92,7 +101,7 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
             logging.info(f"{author_id} tried to link a GitHub account but didn't provide a username")
             await ctx.send(f"{author_mention}, a GitHub username is required to link your account")
 
-    @in_month(Month.OCTOBER)
+    @in_month(Month.SEPTEMBER, Month.OCTOBER, Month.NOVEMBER)
     @hacktoberstats_group.command(name="unlink")
     @override_in_channel(HACKTOBER_WHITELIST)
     async def unlink_user(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
@@ -175,11 +184,11 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
 
         n = pr_stats['n_prs']
         if n >= PRS_FOR_SHIRT:
-            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} has earned a tshirt!**"
+            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} has earned a T-shirt or a tree!**"
         elif n == PRS_FOR_SHIRT - 1:
-            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} is 1 PR away from a tshirt!**"
+            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} is 1 PR away from a T-shirt or a tree!**"
         else:
-            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} is {PRS_FOR_SHIRT - n} PRs away from a tshirt!**"
+            shirtstr = f"**{github_username} is {PRS_FOR_SHIRT - n} PRs away from a T-shirt or a tree!**"
 
         stats_embed = discord.Embed(
             title=f"{github_username}'s Hacktoberfest",
@@ -196,7 +205,7 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
         stats_embed.set_author(
             name="Hacktoberfest",
             url="https://hacktoberfest.digitalocean.com",
-            icon_url="https://hacktoberfest.digitalocean.com/pretty_logo.png"
+            icon_url="https://avatars1.githubusercontent.com/u/35706162?s=200&v=4"
         )
         stats_embed.add_field(
             name="Top 5 Repositories:",
@@ -242,16 +251,22 @@ class HacktoberStats(commands.Cog):
             f"&per_page={per_page}"
         )
 
-        headers = {"user-agent": "Discord Python Hacktoberbot"}
         async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
-            async with session.get(query_url, headers=headers) as resp:
+            async with session.get(query_url, headers=REQUEST_HEADERS) as resp:
                 jsonresp = await resp.json()
 
         if "message" in jsonresp.keys():
             # One of the parameters is invalid, short circuit for now
             api_message = jsonresp["errors"][0]["message"]
-            logging.error(f"GitHub API request for '{github_username}' failed with message: {api_message}")
+
+            # Ignore logging non-existent users or users we do not have permission to see
+            if api_message == GITHUB_NONEXISTENT_USER_MESSAGE:
+                logging.debug(f"No GitHub user found named '{github_username}'")
+            else:
+                logging.error(f"GitHub API request for '{github_username}' failed with message: {api_message}")
+
             return
+
         else:
             if jsonresp["total_count"] == 0:
                 # Short circuit if there aren't any PRs
diff --git a/bot/exts/halloween/spookysound.py b/bot/exts/halloween/spookysound.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 569a9153..00000000
--- a/bot/exts/halloween/spookysound.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-import logging
-import random
-from pathlib import Path
-
-import discord
-from discord.ext import commands
-
-from bot.bot import SeasonalBot
-from bot.constants import Hacktoberfest
-
-log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-
-class SpookySound(commands.Cog):
-    """A cog that plays a spooky sound in a voice channel on command."""
-
-    def __init__(self, bot: SeasonalBot):
-        self.bot = bot
-        self.sound_files = list(Path("bot/resources/halloween/spookysounds").glob("*.mp3"))
-        self.channel = None
-
-    @commands.cooldown(rate=1, per=1)
-    @commands.command(brief="Play a spooky sound, restricted to once per 2 mins")
-    async def spookysound(self, ctx: commands.Context) -> None:
-        """
-        Connect to the Hacktoberbot voice channel, play a random spooky sound, then disconnect.
-
-        Cannot be used more than once in 2 minutes.
-        """
-        if not self.channel:
-            await self.bot.wait_until_guild_available()
-            self.channel = self.bot.get_channel(Hacktoberfest.voice_id)
-
-        await ctx.send("Initiating spooky sound...")
-        file_path = random.choice(self.sound_files)
-        src = discord.FFmpegPCMAudio(str(file_path.resolve()))
-        voice = await self.channel.connect()
-        voice.play(src, after=lambda e: self.bot.loop.create_task(self.disconnect(voice)))
-
-    @staticmethod
-    async def disconnect(voice: discord.VoiceClient) -> None:
-        """Helper method to disconnect a given voice client."""
-        await voice.disconnect()
-
-
-def setup(bot: SeasonalBot) -> None:
-    """Spooky sound Cog load."""
-    bot.add_cog(SpookySound(bot))
diff --git a/bot/exts/halloween/timeleft.py b/bot/exts/halloween/timeleft.py
index 295acc89..47adb09b 100644
--- a/bot/exts/halloween/timeleft.py
+++ b/bot/exts/halloween/timeleft.py
@@ -13,20 +13,23 @@ class TimeLeft(commands.Cog):
     def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot):
         self.bot = bot
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def in_october() -> bool:
-        """Return True if the current month is October."""
-        return datetime.utcnow().month == 10
+    def in_hacktober(self) -> bool:
+        """Return True if the current time is within Hacktoberfest."""
+        _, end, start = self.load_date()
+
+        now = datetime.utcnow()
+
+        return start <= now <= end
 
     @staticmethod
-    def load_date() -> Tuple[int, datetime, datetime]:
+    def load_date() -> Tuple[datetime, datetime, datetime]:
         """Return of a tuple of the current time and the end and start times of the next October."""
         now = datetime.utcnow()
         year = now.year
         if now.month > 10:
             year += 1
-        end = datetime(year, 11, 1, 11, 59, 59)
-        start = datetime(year, 10, 1)
+        end = datetime(year, 11, 1, 12)  # November 1st 12:00 (UTC-12:00)
+        start = datetime(year, 9, 30, 10)  # September 30th 10:00 (UTC+14:00)
         return now, end, start
 
     @commands.command()
@@ -35,16 +38,23 @@ class TimeLeft(commands.Cog):
         Calculates the time left until the end of Hacktober.
 
         Whilst in October, displays the days, hours and minutes left.
-        Only displays the days left until the beginning and end whilst in a different month
+        Only displays the days left until the beginning and end whilst in a different month.
+
+        This factors in that Hacktoberfest starts when it is October anywhere in the world
+        and ends with the same rules. It treats the start as UTC+14:00 and the end as
+        UTC-12.
         """
         now, end, start = self.load_date()
         diff = end - now
         days, seconds = diff.days, diff.seconds
-        if self.in_october():
+        if self.in_hacktober():
             minutes = seconds // 60
             hours, minutes = divmod(minutes, 60)
-            await ctx.send(f"There is currently only {days} days, {hours} hours and {minutes}"
-                           "minutes left until the end of Hacktober.")
+
+            await ctx.send(
+                f"There are {days} days, {hours} hours and {minutes}"
+                f" minutes left until the end of Hacktober."
+            )
         else:
             start_diff = start - now
             start_days = start_diff.days
diff --git a/bot/exts/utils/__init__.py b/bot/exts/utils/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e69de29b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/exts/utils/__init__.py
diff --git a/bot/exts/utils/extensions.py b/bot/exts/utils/extensions.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..102a0416
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/exts/utils/extensions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+import functools
+import logging
+import typing as t
+from enum import Enum
+
+from discord import Colour, Embed
+from discord.ext import commands
+from discord.ext.commands import Context, group
+
+from bot import exts
+from bot.bot import SeasonalBot as Bot
+from bot.constants import Client, Emojis, MODERATION_ROLES, Roles
+from bot.utils.checks import with_role_check
+from bot.utils.extensions import EXTENSIONS, unqualify
+from bot.utils.pagination import LinePaginator
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+UNLOAD_BLACKLIST = {f"{exts.__name__}.utils.extensions"}
+BASE_PATH_LEN = len(exts.__name__.split("."))
+
+
+class Action(Enum):
+    """Represents an action to perform on an extension."""
+
+    # Need to be partial otherwise they are considered to be function definitions.
+    LOAD = functools.partial(Bot.load_extension)
+    UNLOAD = functools.partial(Bot.unload_extension)
+    RELOAD = functools.partial(Bot.reload_extension)
+
+
+class Extension(commands.Converter):
+    """
+    Fully qualify the name of an extension and ensure it exists.
+
+    The * and ** values bypass this when used with the reload command.
+    """
+
+    async def convert(self, ctx: Context, argument: str) -> str:
+        """Fully qualify the name of an extension and ensure it exists."""
+        # Special values to reload all extensions
+        if argument == "*" or argument == "**":
+            return argument
+
+        argument = argument.lower()
+
+        if argument in EXTENSIONS:
+            return argument
+        elif (qualified_arg := f"{exts.__name__}.{argument}") in EXTENSIONS:
+            return qualified_arg
+
+        matches = []
+        for ext in EXTENSIONS:
+            if argument == unqualify(ext):
+                matches.append(ext)
+
+        if len(matches) > 1:
+            matches.sort()
+            names = "\n".join(matches)
+            raise commands.BadArgument(
+                f":x: `{argument}` is an ambiguous extension name. "
+                f"Please use one of the following fully-qualified names.```\n{names}```"
+            )
+        elif matches:
+            return matches[0]
+        else:
+            raise commands.BadArgument(f":x: Could not find the extension `{argument}`.")
+
+
+class Extensions(commands.Cog):
+    """Extension management commands."""
+
+    def __init__(self, bot: Bot):
+        self.bot = bot
+
+    @group(name="extensions", aliases=("ext", "exts", "c", "cogs"), invoke_without_command=True)
+    async def extensions_group(self, ctx: Context) -> None:
+        """Load, unload, reload, and list loaded extensions."""
+        await ctx.send_help(ctx.command)
+
+    @extensions_group.command(name="load", aliases=("l",))
+    async def load_command(self, ctx: Context, *extensions: Extension) -> None:
+        r"""
+        Load extensions given their fully qualified or unqualified names.
+
+        If '\*' or '\*\*' is given as the name, all unloaded extensions will be loaded.
+        """  # noqa: W605
+        if not extensions:
+            await ctx.send_help(ctx.command)
+            return
+
+        if "*" in extensions or "**" in extensions:
+            extensions = set(EXTENSIONS) - set(self.bot.extensions.keys())
+
+        msg = self.batch_manage(Action.LOAD, *extensions)
+        await ctx.send(msg)
+
+    @extensions_group.command(name="unload", aliases=("ul",))
+    async def unload_command(self, ctx: Context, *extensions: Extension) -> None:
+        r"""
+        Unload currently loaded extensions given their fully qualified or unqualified names.
+
+        If '\*' or '\*\*' is given as the name, all loaded extensions will be unloaded.
+        """  # noqa: W605
+        if not extensions:
+            await ctx.send_help(ctx.command)
+            return
+
+        blacklisted = "\n".join(UNLOAD_BLACKLIST & set(extensions))
+
+        if blacklisted:
+            msg = f":x: The following extension(s) may not be unloaded:```{blacklisted}```"
+        else:
+            if "*" in extensions or "**" in extensions:
+                extensions = set(self.bot.extensions.keys()) - UNLOAD_BLACKLIST
+
+            msg = self.batch_manage(Action.UNLOAD, *extensions)
+
+        await ctx.send(msg)
+
+    @extensions_group.command(name="reload", aliases=("r",), root_aliases=("reload",))
+    async def reload_command(self, ctx: Context, *extensions: Extension) -> None:
+        r"""
+        Reload extensions given their fully qualified or unqualified names.
+
+        If an extension fails to be reloaded, it will be rolled-back to the prior working state.
+
+        If '\*' is given as the name, all currently loaded extensions will be reloaded.
+        If '\*\*' is given as the name, all extensions, including unloaded ones, will be reloaded.
+        """  # noqa: W605
+        if not extensions:
+            await ctx.send_help(ctx.command)
+            return
+
+        if "**" in extensions:
+            extensions = EXTENSIONS
+        elif "*" in extensions:
+            extensions = set(self.bot.extensions.keys()) | set(extensions)
+            extensions.remove("*")
+
+        msg = self.batch_manage(Action.RELOAD, *extensions)
+
+        await ctx.send(msg)
+
+    @extensions_group.command(name="list", aliases=("all",))
+    async def list_command(self, ctx: Context) -> None:
+        """
+        Get a list of all extensions, including their loaded status.
+
+        Grey indicates that the extension is unloaded.
+        Green indicates that the extension is currently loaded.
+        """
+        embed = Embed(colour=Colour.blurple())
+        embed.set_author(
+            name="Extensions List",
+            url=Client.github_bot_repo,
+            icon_url=str(self.bot.user.avatar_url)
+        )
+
+        lines = []
+        categories = self.group_extension_statuses()
+        for category, extensions in sorted(categories.items()):
+            # Treat each category as a single line by concatenating everything.
+            # This ensures the paginator will not cut off a page in the middle of a category.
+            category = category.replace("_", " ").title()
+            extensions = "\n".join(sorted(extensions))
+            lines.append(f"**{category}**\n{extensions}\n")
+
+        log.debug(f"{ctx.author} requested a list of all cogs. Returning a paginated list.")
+        await LinePaginator.paginate(lines, ctx, embed, max_size=1200, empty=False)
+
+    def group_extension_statuses(self) -> t.Mapping[str, str]:
+        """Return a mapping of extension names and statuses to their categories."""
+        categories = {}
+
+        for ext in EXTENSIONS:
+            if ext in self.bot.extensions:
+                status = Emojis.status_online
+            else:
+                status = Emojis.status_offline
+
+            path = ext.split(".")
+            if len(path) > BASE_PATH_LEN + 1:
+                category = " - ".join(path[BASE_PATH_LEN:-1])
+            else:
+                category = "uncategorised"
+
+            categories.setdefault(category, []).append(f"{status}  {path[-1]}")
+
+        return categories
+
+    def batch_manage(self, action: Action, *extensions: str) -> str:
+        """
+        Apply an action to multiple extensions and return a message with the results.
+
+        If only one extension is given, it is deferred to `manage()`.
+        """
+        if len(extensions) == 1:
+            msg, _ = self.manage(action, extensions[0])
+            return msg
+
+        verb = action.name.lower()
+        failures = {}
+
+        for extension in extensions:
+            _, error = self.manage(action, extension)
+            if error:
+                failures[extension] = error
+
+        emoji = ":x:" if failures else ":ok_hand:"
+        msg = f"{emoji} {len(extensions) - len(failures)} / {len(extensions)} extensions {verb}ed."
+
+        if failures:
+            failures = "\n".join(f"{ext}\n    {err}" for ext, err in failures.items())
+            msg += f"\nFailures:```{failures}```"
+
+        log.debug(f"Batch {verb}ed extensions.")
+
+        return msg
+
+    def manage(self, action: Action, ext: str) -> t.Tuple[str, t.Optional[str]]:
+        """Apply an action to an extension and return the status message and any error message."""
+        verb = action.name.lower()
+        error_msg = None
+
+        try:
+            action.value(self.bot, ext)
+        except (commands.ExtensionAlreadyLoaded, commands.ExtensionNotLoaded):
+            if action is Action.RELOAD:
+                # When reloading, just load the extension if it was not loaded.
+                return self.manage(Action.LOAD, ext)
+
+            msg = f":x: Extension `{ext}` is already {verb}ed."
+            log.debug(msg[4:])
+        except Exception as e:
+            if hasattr(e, "original"):
+                e = e.original
+
+            log.exception(f"Extension '{ext}' failed to {verb}.")
+
+            error_msg = f"{e.__class__.__name__}: {e}"
+            msg = f":x: Failed to {verb} extension `{ext}`:\n```{error_msg}```"
+        else:
+            msg = f":ok_hand: Extension successfully {verb}ed: `{ext}`."
+            log.debug(msg[10:])
+
+        return msg, error_msg
+
+    # This cannot be static (must have a __func__ attribute).
+    def cog_check(self, ctx: Context) -> bool:
+        """Only allow moderators and core developers to invoke the commands in this cog."""
+        return with_role_check(ctx, *MODERATION_ROLES, Roles.core_developers)
+
+    # This cannot be static (must have a __func__ attribute).
+    async def cog_command_error(self, ctx: Context, error: Exception) -> None:
+        """Handle BadArgument errors locally to prevent the help command from showing."""
+        if isinstance(error, commands.BadArgument):
+            await ctx.send(str(error))
+            error.handled = True
+
+
+def setup(bot: Bot) -> None:
+    """Load the Extensions cog."""
+    bot.add_cog(Extensions(bot))
diff --git a/bot/utils/checks.py b/bot/utils/checks.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3031a271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/utils/checks.py
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+import datetime
+import logging
+from typing import Callable, Container, Iterable, Optional
+
+from discord.ext.commands import (
+    BucketType,
+    CheckFailure,
+    Cog,
+    Command,
+    CommandOnCooldown,
+    Context,
+    Cooldown,
+    CooldownMapping,
+)
+
+from bot import constants
+
+log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class InWhitelistCheckFailure(CheckFailure):
+    """Raised when the `in_whitelist` check fails."""
+
+    def __init__(self, redirect_channel: Optional[int]) -> None:
+        self.redirect_channel = redirect_channel
+
+        if redirect_channel:
+            redirect_message = f" here. Please use the <#{redirect_channel}> channel instead"
+        else:
+            redirect_message = ""
+
+        error_message = f"You are not allowed to use that command{redirect_message}."
+
+        super().__init__(error_message)
+
+
+def in_whitelist_check(
+    ctx: Context,
+    channels: Container[int] = (),
+    categories: Container[int] = (),
+    roles: Container[int] = (),
+    redirect: Optional[int] = constants.Channels.seasonalbot_commands,
+    fail_silently: bool = False,
+) -> bool:
+    """
+    Check if a command was issued in a whitelisted context.
+
+    The whitelists that can be provided are:
+
+    - `channels`: a container with channel ids for whitelisted channels
+    - `categories`: a container with category ids for whitelisted categories
+    - `roles`: a container with with role ids for whitelisted roles
+
+    If the command was invoked in a context that was not whitelisted, the member is either
+    redirected to the `redirect` channel that was passed (default: #bot-commands) or simply
+    told that they're not allowed to use this particular command (if `None` was passed).
+    """
+    if redirect and redirect not in channels:
+        # It does not make sense for the channel whitelist to not contain the redirection
+        # channel (if applicable). That's why we add the redirection channel to the `channels`
+        # container if it's not already in it. As we allow any container type to be passed,
+        # we first create a tuple in order to safely add the redirection channel.
+        #
+        # Note: It's possible for the redirect channel to be in a whitelisted category, but
+        # there's no easy way to check that and as a channel can easily be moved in and out of
+        # categories, it's probably not wise to rely on its category in any case.
+        channels = tuple(channels) + (redirect,)
+
+    if channels and ctx.channel.id in channels:
+        log.trace(f"{ctx.author} may use the `{ctx.command.name}` command as they are in a whitelisted channel.")
+        return True
+
+    # Only check the category id if we have a category whitelist and the channel has a `category_id`
+    if categories and hasattr(ctx.channel, "category_id") and ctx.channel.category_id in categories:
+        log.trace(f"{ctx.author} may use the `{ctx.command.name}` command as they are in a whitelisted category.")
+        return True
+
+    # Only check the roles whitelist if we have one and ensure the author's roles attribute returns
+    # an iterable to prevent breakage in DM channels (for if we ever decide to enable commands there).
+    if roles and any(r.id in roles for r in getattr(ctx.author, "roles", ())):
+        log.trace(f"{ctx.author} may use the `{ctx.command.name}` command as they have a whitelisted role.")
+        return True
+
+    log.trace(f"{ctx.author} may not use the `{ctx.command.name}` command within this context.")
+
+    # Some commands are secret, and should produce no feedback at all.
+    if not fail_silently:
+        raise InWhitelistCheckFailure(redirect)
+    return False
+
+
+def with_role_check(ctx: Context, *role_ids: int) -> bool:
+    """Returns True if the user has any one of the roles in role_ids."""
+    if not ctx.guild:  # Return False in a DM
+        log.trace(f"{ctx.author} tried to use the '{ctx.command.name}'command from a DM. "
+                  "This command is restricted by the with_role decorator. Rejecting request.")
+        return False
+
+    for role in ctx.author.roles:
+        if role.id in role_ids:
+            log.trace(f"{ctx.author} has the '{role.name}' role, and passes the check.")
+            return True
+
+    log.trace(f"{ctx.author} does not have the required role to use "
+              f"the '{ctx.command.name}' command, so the request is rejected.")
+    return False
+
+
+def without_role_check(ctx: Context, *role_ids: int) -> bool:
+    """Returns True if the user does not have any of the roles in role_ids."""
+    if not ctx.guild:  # Return False in a DM
+        log.trace(f"{ctx.author} tried to use the '{ctx.command.name}' command from a DM. "
+                  "This command is restricted by the without_role decorator. Rejecting request.")
+        return False
+
+    author_roles = [role.id for role in ctx.author.roles]
+    check = all(role not in author_roles for role in role_ids)
+    log.trace(f"{ctx.author} tried to call the '{ctx.command.name}' command. "
+              f"The result of the without_role check was {check}.")
+    return check
+
+
+def cooldown_with_role_bypass(rate: int, per: float, type: BucketType = BucketType.default, *,
+                              bypass_roles: Iterable[int]) -> Callable:
+    """
+    Applies a cooldown to a command, but allows members with certain roles to be ignored.
+
+    NOTE: this replaces the `Command.before_invoke` callback, which *might* introduce problems in the future.
+    """
+    # Make it a set so lookup is hash based.
+    bypass = set(bypass_roles)
+
+    # This handles the actual cooldown logic.
+    buckets = CooldownMapping(Cooldown(rate, per, type))
+
+    # Will be called after the command has been parse but before it has been invoked, ensures that
+    # the cooldown won't be updated if the user screws up their input to the command.
+    async def predicate(cog: Cog, ctx: Context) -> None:
+        nonlocal bypass, buckets
+
+        if any(role.id in bypass for role in ctx.author.roles):
+            return
+
+        # Cooldown logic, taken from discord.py internals.
+        current = ctx.message.created_at.replace(tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc).timestamp()
+        bucket = buckets.get_bucket(ctx.message)
+        retry_after = bucket.update_rate_limit(current)
+        if retry_after:
+            raise CommandOnCooldown(bucket, retry_after)
+
+    def wrapper(command: Command) -> Command:
+        # NOTE: this could be changed if a subclass of Command were to be used. I didn't see the need for it
+        # so I just made it raise an error when the decorator is applied before the actual command object exists.
+        #
+        # If the `before_invoke` detail is ever a problem then I can quickly just swap over.
+        if not isinstance(command, Command):
+            raise TypeError('Decorator `cooldown_with_role_bypass` must be applied after the command decorator. '
+                            'This means it has to be above the command decorator in the code.')
+
+        command._before_invoke = predicate
+
+        return command
+
+    return wrapper
diff --git a/bot/utils/converters.py b/bot/utils/converters.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..228714c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/utils/converters.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import discord
+from discord.ext.commands.converter import MessageConverter
+
+
+class WrappedMessageConverter(MessageConverter):
+    """A converter that handles embed-suppressed links like <http://example.com>."""
+
+    async def convert(self, ctx: discord.ext.commands.Context, argument: str) -> discord.Message:
+        """Wrap the commands.MessageConverter to handle <> delimited message links."""
+        # It's possible to wrap a message in [<>] as well, and it's supported because its easy
+        if argument.startswith("[") and argument.endswith("]"):
+            argument = argument[1:-1]
+        if argument.startswith("<") and argument.endswith(">"):
+            argument = argument[1:-1]
+
+        return await super().convert(ctx, argument)
diff --git a/bot/utils/extensions.py b/bot/utils/extensions.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..50350ea8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bot/utils/extensions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import importlib
+import inspect
+import pkgutil
+from typing import Iterator, NoReturn
+
+from bot import exts
+
+
+def unqualify(name: str) -> str:
+    """Return an unqualified name given a qualified module/package `name`."""
+    return name.rsplit(".", maxsplit=1)[-1]
+
+
+def walk_extensions() -> Iterator[str]:
+    """Yield extension names from the bot.exts subpackage."""
+
+    def on_error(name: str) -> NoReturn:
+        raise ImportError(name=name)  # pragma: no cover
+
+    for module in pkgutil.walk_packages(exts.__path__, f"{exts.__name__}.", onerror=on_error):
+        if unqualify(module.name).startswith("_"):
+            # Ignore module/package names starting with an underscore.
+            continue
+
+        if module.ispkg:
+            imported = importlib.import_module(module.name)
+            if not inspect.isfunction(getattr(imported, "setup", None)):
+                # If it lacks a setup function, it's not an extension.
+                continue
+
+        yield module.name
+
+
+EXTENSIONS = frozenset(walk_extensions())