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+**Mutable vs immutable objects**
+
+Imagine that you want to make all letters in a string upper case. Conveniently, strings have an `.upper()` method.
+
+You might think that this would work:
+```python
+>>> greeting = "hello"
+>>> greeting.upper()
+'HELLO'
+>>> greeting
+'hello'
+```
+
+`greeting` didn't change. Why is that so?
+
+That's because strings in Python are _immutable_. You can't change them, you can only pass around existing strings or create new ones.
+
+```python
+>>> greeting = "hello"
+>>> greeting = greeting.upper()
+>>> greeting
+'HELLO'
+```
+
+`greeting.upper()` creates and returns a new string which is like the old one, but with all the letters turned to upper case.
+
+`int`, `float`, `complex`, `tuple`, `frozenset` are other examples of immutable data types in Python.
+
+Mutable data types like `list`, on the other hand, can be changed in-place:
+```python
+>>> my_list = [1, 2, 3]
+>>> my_list.append(4)
+>>> my_list
+[1, 2, 3, 4]
+```
+
+Other examples of mutable data types in Python are `dict` and `set`. Instances of user-defined classes are also mutable.